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1. Schachermayer, Walter; The fundamental theorem of asset pricing under proportional transaction costs in finite discrete time: (in English) We prove a version of the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing, which applies to Kabanov's approach to foreign exchange markets under transaction costs. The financial market is modelled by a d x d matrix-valued stochastic process Sigma_t_t=0^T specifying the mutual bid and ask prices between d assets. We introduce the notion of robust no arbitrage", which is a version of the no arbitrage concept, robust with respect to small changes of the bid ask spreads of Sigma_t_t=0^T. Dually, we interpret a concept used by Kabanov and his co-authors as "strictly consistent price systems". We show that this concept extends the notion of equivalent martingale measures, playing a well-known role in the frictionless case, to the present setting of bid-ask processes Sigma_t_t=0^T. The main theorem states that the bid-ask process Sigma_t_t=0^T satisfies the robust no arbitrage condition if it admits a strictly consistent pricing system. This result extends the theorems of Harrison-Pliska and Dalang-Morton-Willinger to the present setting, and also generalizes previous results obtained by Kabanov, Rasonyi and Stricker. An example of a 5-times-5-dimensional process Sigma_t_t=0^2 shows that, in this theorem, the robust no arbitrage condition cannot be replaced by the so-called strict no arbitrage condition, thus answering negatively a question raised by Kabanov, Rasonyi and Stricker. (author's abstract), Working Paper, Wirtschaftsuniversitat Wien [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.28)

8 from Perseus Tools and Information

1. Kos: Greece [Atlas site] (8.31)

2. Kos, Cos [Atlas site] (7.84)

3. Kos Dagi: Turkey [Atlas site] (4.75)

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23 from Greek and Roman Materials

1. Meropian [Reference article in Perseus Encyclopedia] (9.82)

2. Kos [Reference article in Perseus Encyclopedia] (7.84)

3. Kos: Aerial view of Agora and harbor area, from SW [Image] (4.50)

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1 from American Memory: California

1. N FRANCISCO1849DRAWN ON THE SPOT BY HENRY FIRKSLATEST EDITION CORRECTED BY A COMMITTEE OF PIONEERS CONSISTING OF RICHARD M. SHERMAN WILLIAM HEATH DAVIS FERDINAND VASSAULT1 Am. Sh. Huntress2 Br. B. Asenath3 Dan. B. Neptunas4 Fr. B. Staveuil5 Fr. Schr. Chataeubriand6 Mer. Sch. Vitoria7 Am. Sh. Forrester8 Am. B. Oberon9 Am. B. Superior10 Am. Sh. Philadelphia (Burned June 24)11 Ch. B. Carmen12 Haw. B. Mary Frances 13 Am. Sh. Edwin 14 Fr. Sh. Roanld 15 Dan. Sh. Adelia 16 Am. Sh. Grey Eagle 17 Br. B. John Ritson 18 Am. B. Col. Fremont 19 Ch. Sh. Virginia 20 Am. Sh. Sea Queen 21 Ch. B. Maria Louisa 22 Ch. B. Romano 23 Am. Scr. Thomas 24 Am. B. Quito 25 Am. B. Louisiana 26 Am. Sh. Greyhound 27 Ch. Sh. California Dorado 28 Am. Steamer Panama 29 Am. B. Col. Benton 30 Am. Sh. Massachesetts 31 Am. B. Lucy Penniman 32 Fr. B. Limanienne 33 Ch. Sh. Gen. Ferrias 34 Am. Sh. Honolulu 35 Fr. B. Olympe 36 Am. Sh. Herber 37 Am. Steamer Oregon 38 U.S.S. Warren 39 U.S.S. Southampton 40 Quartm. P. Invincible 41 H.B.M. Inconstant 42 Launch for Stockton (Emily & Jane) 43 Customhouse 44 Golden Gate 45 Parkers Hotel 46 P.M.S.S. Cos. Office 47 S.H. Williams & Cos. Store 48 F. Vassault & Cos. Store 49 Leidesdorff's Residence 50 Cross, Hobson & Cos. Store 51 Starkey, Janion & Cos. Ware Ho. 52 City Hotel 53 Sherman & Ruckel 54 Mellus & Howard 55 Burling & Hill 56 Wm. H. Davis 57 Macondray & Co. 58 Wm. S. Clark 59 Catholic Church 60 March & Simonton 61 Ward & Smith 62 Isld. Yerba Buena [Image] (5.65)

1 from American Memory: Upper Midwest

1. 17. Pretty, wholesome-looking Fanny Bryant, a Kellogg Co. stenographer, was chosen in 1907 to personify the idea of "The Sweetheart of the Corn," and so set a national standard for feminine charm. Since the "Sweetheart" girl first appeared, she has been reproduced hundreds of millions of times, and has been slenderized and modernized by various artists.16. By the time young Will Kellogg had had his first barbershop shave and attended his first oyster supper, he was out drumming up trade for the Kellogg corn brooms for his father. When he was eighty-four years old, he still remembered that the oyster supper cost twenty cents. [Image] (0.60)

10 from AIM25 - Archives in London

1. Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine; Interdisciplinary Centres and Courses of Imperial College: Records relating to Interdisciplinary Centres and Courses of Imperial College, 1953-1992, including Acoustic and Vibration Science course brochures, undated; proposed Centre for Economic Policy Studies, [1980] (KO); <BR>papers of the Robotics and Automated Systems Centre, comprising correspondence on the establishment of the centre, 1981-1982; course leaflets, press cuttings, 1984 (KOA); papers relating to the Centre for Composite Materials, including course leaflets, press cuttings, annual report, 1992-1999 (KOC); papers relating to joint courses with the London School of Economics, including minutes of the Joint Committee, 1953-1967; Rector's correspondence, 1956-1967 (KOE); papers relating to Energy Studies, 1979-1981 (KOF); Geotechnical Engineering courses leaflets, 1982-1984 (KOG); papers relating to the Centre for Remote Sensing, including correspondence, 1981; journal, 1981-1984; newsletters, 1981-1984; press cuttings (KOR); papers relating to Science of Materials research and postgraduate courses, including research reports, 1963-1968 (KOS); papers relating to the Centre for Environmental Technology, including course brochures, 1976-1993; annual reports, 1978-1986; research reviews, 1979-1990; newletters, 1977-1987; Rectors' correspondence, 1974-1982; working party papers, 1974-1975 (KOT). [Text] [View with Perseus links] (1.46)

2. LOVE, Gp Capt Raymond Charles (1917-1997): Copy of typescript account 'Notes on operations in the Aegean September/October 1943', chiefly relating to RAF operations under Love's command on the Greek island of Kos, including evacuation, Oct 1943; typescript copies of citations for DFC, Oct 1941, and DSO, 1943; copies of newspaper cuttings relating to Love's wartime service, 1941-1944, 1957; typescript obituary,1997. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.60)

3. Helm | Alex | 1920-1970 | folklore writer; Helm Papers: Papers of Alex Helm, c1950-1970, comprising manuscript notebooks and working papers for the published works A Geographical Index of the Ceremonial Dance in Great Britain, English Ritual Drama, a Geographical Index, and The Chapbook Mummers' Plays; typescript drafts for lectures and unpublished works; material for proposed publication on English traditional ceremonial costume, includes photographs; correspondence; collected source and published material; and offprints of related published works of co-authors. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.49)

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3 from Beazley Archive

1. Excavation: CUP LITTLE MASTER LIP FRAGMENTS; TLESON POTTER; SIGNATURE, SIREN [Beazley Archive Vase] (2.30)

2. Kos, Museum: PELIKE; KLEOPHON PAINTER; AMAZONOMACHY, AMAZON WITH PELTA, WARRIORS, DRAPED YOUTHS, SOME LEANING ON STAFFS [Beazley Archive Vase] (2.24)

3. Excavation: CUP LITTLE MASTER LIP FRAGMENT; TLESON POTTER; SIREN [Beazley Archive Vase] (1.69)

5 from BioMed Central

1. Jimmy Neill, L Wayne Duck, Jeffrey Sellers, Lois Musgrove, John Kehrl; A regulator of G Protein signaling, RGS3, inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion: (in English) AbstractBackgroundLuteinizing hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland regulates gonadal function. Luteinizing hormone secretion is regulated both by alterations in gonadotrope responsiveness to hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone and by alterations in gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion. The mechanisms that determine gonadotrope responsiveness are unknown but may involve regulators of G protein signaling (RGSs). These proteins act by antagonizing or abbreviating interaction of Gα proteins with effectors such as phospholipase Cβ. Previously, we reported that gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated second messenger inositol trisphosphate production was inhibited when RGS3 and gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor cDNAs were co-transfected into the COS cell line. Here, we present evidence for RGS3 inhibition of gonadotropin releasing hormone-induced luteinizing hormone secretion from cultured rat pituitary cells.ResultsA truncated version of RGS3 (RGS3T = RGS3 314-519) inhibited gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated inositol trisphosphate production more potently than did RSG3 in gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor-bearing COS cells. An RSG3/glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein bound more 35S-Gqα than any other member of the G protein family tested. Adenoviral-mediated RGS3 gene transfer in pituitary gonadotropes inhibited gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated luteinizing hormone secretion in a dose-related fashion. Adeno-RGS3 also inhibited gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulated 3H-inositol phosphate accumulation, consistent with a molecular site of action at the Gqα protein.ConclusionsRGS3 inhibits gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated second messenger production (inositol trisphosphate) as well as luteinizing hormone secretion from rat pituitary gonadotropes apparently by binding and suppressing the transduction properties of Gqα protein function. A version of RGS3 that is amino-terminally truncated is even more potent than intact RGS3 at inhibiting gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated inositol trisphosphate production. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.36)

2. Christiane Christophe-Hobertus, Claude Szpirer, Richard Guyon, Daniel Christophe; Identification of the gene encoding Brain Cell Membrane Protein 1 (BCMP1), a putative four-transmembrane protein distantly related to the Peripheral Myelin Protein 22 / Epithelial Membrane Proteins and the Claudins: (in English) AbstractBackgroundA partial cDNA clone from dog thyroid presenting a very significant similarity with an uncharacterized mouse EST sequence was isolated fortuitously. We report here the identification of the complete mRNA and of the gene, the product of which was termed "brain cell membrane protein 1" (BCMP1).ResultsThe 4 kb-long mRNA sequence exhibited an open-reading frame of only 543 b followed by a 3.2 kb-long 3' untranslated region containing several AUUUA instability motifs. Analysis of the encoded protein sequence identified the presence of four putative transmembrane domains. Similarity searches in protein domain databases identified partial sequence conservations with peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22)/ epithelial membrane proteins (EMPs) and Claudins, defining the encoded protein as representative of the existence of a novel subclass in this protein family.Northern-blot analysis of the expression of the corresponding mRNA in adult dog tissues revealed the presence of a huge amount of the 4 kb transcript in the brain. An EGFP-BCMP1 fusion protein expressed in transfected COS-7 cells exhibited a membranous localization as expected. The sequences encoding BCMP1 were assigned to chromosome X in dog, man and rat using radiation hybrid panels and were partly localized in the currently available human genome sequence.ConclusionsWe have identified the existence in several mammalian species of a gene encoding a putative four-transmembrane protein, BCMP1, wich defines a novel subclass in this family of proteins. In dog at least, the corresponding mRNA is highly present in brain cells. The chromosomal localization of the gene in man makes of it a likely candidate gene for X-linked mental retardation. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.14)

3. ... ; Impact of patient characteristics on the risk of influenza/ILI-related complications: (in English) AbstractBackgroundWe sought to quantify the impact of patient characteristics on complications and health care costs associated with influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) in a nonelderly population.MethodsPatients with medical reimbursement claims for influenza in the 1996-1997 season were identified from the automated database of a large private New England Insurer (NEI). Influenza care during the 21- day follow-up period was characterized according to age, gender, vaccine status, co-morbidities, prior influenza/ILI episodes, treatments, and recent health care costs and related diagnoses.ResultsThere were 6,241 patients. Approximately 20% had preexisting chronic lung disease. Overall, 23% had health care services for possible complications, among which respiratory diagnoses were the most common (13%). Two percent of the influenza/ILI episodes involved hospitalization, with a median stay of five days. Factors most strongly predictive of hospitalizations and complications were preexisting malignancy (hospitalizations OR = 3.7 and complications OR = 2.4), chronic heart disease (OR = 3.2 and OR = 1.8), diabetes (OR = 2.2 and OR = 1.7) and recent illnesses that would have counted as complications had they occurred during an influenza/ILI episode (hospitalizations OR = 3.2 and complications OR = 1.5). The same factors affected influenza-related costs and total costs of care as dramatically as they affected complication rates.ConclusionsInfluenza/ILI-related costs are driven by the characteristics that predict complications of influenza. Patients with chronic illness and those with recent acute respiratory events are the most likely to experience complications and hospitalizations. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.14)

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172 from CIMI Metadata Harvesting Working Group Demonstration Repository

1. Carousel: Merope MILLS (Designer); Design, costume. By Merope Mills, 1964. "Clambake, Girl 20". Light green dress with white frill neckline & frilled cuffs on sleeves. Frill around hem of skirt. Black ribbon & bow at the front of this frill trim on skirt & neckline. Sketch 94. [Text] (10.19)

2. Carousel: Merope MILLS (Designer); Design, costume. By Merope Mills, 1964. "Graduation Day, Parents etc". White jacket. Pale grey & white striped pants. Green tie & waiscoat under jacket. White trilby hat. Sketch 83. 2 material swatches attached- one dark green & the other is of grey tweed like material. Sketch 83. [Text] (8.87)

3. Carousel: Merope MILLS (Designer); Design, costume. By Merope Mills, 1964. "Ac 1, Sc 3 & Act 2, Sc 1 Carrie". Aqua green/blue & white check dress with square neckline. White flounce at hem & white bow in hair. Detail of waistband bow at back. Sketch 41. [Text] (7.93)

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1 from California Digital Library Repository 1

1. Martin, Philippe, Rey, Helene; Financial Super-Markets: Size Matters for Asset Trade: This paper presents a new theoretical framework to analyze financial markets in an international context. We build a two-country macroeconomic model in which agents are risk averse, assets are imperfect substitutes, the number of financial assets is endogenous, and cross-border asset trade entails transaction costs. We show that demand effects have important implications for the link between market size, asset prices and financial market development. These effects are consistent with the existing empirical evidence. Due to co-ordination failures, the extent of financial market incompleteness is inefficiently high. We also analyze the impact of domestic transaction costs and issuing costs on financial markets and returns. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.17)

2 from Caltech Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory Technical Reports

1. Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory,; Strong motion earthquake accelerograms, digitized and plotted data, Volume I - uncorrected accelerograms; Part C - Accelerograms IC041 through IC055: The first set of 20 uncorrected digitized earthquake accelerograms was published in July, 1969 as Volume I, Part A of the present series. That volume also contained introductory material and background information describing the methods used, accuracies, etc. which should be referred to by all users of the data. Parts A and B have contained accelerograms from earthquakes dating from March 10, 1933, and are a portion of a complete series planned in 1969 covering all the important accelerograms to that time. The San Fernando Earthquake, however, provided more than twice as many records as previously available. In view of the importance of this earthquake, it was felt that we should interrupt the original plan and issue this and succeeding Parts containing San Fernando Earthquake accelerograms, before returning to the original series. The record from Pacoima Dam has received a great deal of attention. Included here are 42 seconds containing the main shock and the first clearly identifiable aftershock, together with six further aftershocks. Because of its importance and the high trace amplitudes involved, the Pacoima record was digitized from the original paper film. All the remaining paper film records were digitized from contactnegatives. Although most reproductions of the Pacoima record indicate some dim portions of the trace, the original trace was clearly distinguishable with no ambiguity. The special problems of this particular accelerogram are treated in the paper by Trifunac and Hudson listed in the references on page 5. The six portions of the Pacoima record containing the aftershocks have the following starting times, measured in seconds after the start of the main shock trace: 52. 6, 69. 6, 104. 6, 162. 0, 230. 1, and 309. 1 sec. These starting times are indicated by arrows on the reproduction of the Pacoima record appearing on page 6. Records from-buildings or arrays containing more than one instrument are included together in one. Part where possible. Part C contains records from Holiday Inn at 8244 Orion Blvd., L. A. , the Kajima Building at 250 E. First St., L. A. , (three records each) and the Union Bank at 445 Figueroa St., L. A. (two records.). As in previous reports the printout and plots contain asterisks and arrows, respectively, .indicating where the record was shifted in the digitizer when required. We should like to express our gratitude to personnel from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory who have assisted so capably on the digitizing: Miriam Blount, Jeannyne Gunkel, Jo Jean Kos, Carolyn Level and Florence Sims. In. addition we should like to thank our regular digitizers and assistants, students and otherwise, for their conscientious. work: N. R. Bacheliri, D. A. Blount, Esther Dizack, R. C. Dullien, H. H. Kwai, H. H. Law, V. W: Lee, M. Y. -C. Ngan, W. J. Raymond and K. K. Tung. We would also like to acknowledge the general support off the Earthquake Research Affiliates. The whole program has at all stages been conducted through the generous help of grants from the National Science Foundation, and- we have enjoyed the close cooperation of the staff of the Seismological Field Survey of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.49)

2. Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory,; Strong motion earthquake accelerograms, digitized and plotted data, Volume I - uncorrected accelerograms; Part P - Accelerograms IP214 through IP232, Accelerograms from the San Fernando, California, earthquake of February 9, 1971: This issue continues the San Fernando accelerograms and contains nineteen records consisting of one each from the following locations: 666 W. 19th Street in Costa Mesa, Santa Anita Reservoir in Arcadia, Navy Laboratory at Port Hueneme, Puddingstone Reservoir at San Dimas, Harvey Auditorium in Bakersfield, Light and Power Co. Service Building in San Diego, and the Buena Vista CWR, site; two records each from the Lincoln High School in Taft, the Cholame-Shandon Array (Stations 2 and 8) and 9841 Airport Boulevard; and three records each from the buildings at 4867 Sunset Boulevard and 3345 Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.21)

1 from Caltech Electronic Theses and Dissertations

1. Qi, Chunhua; Aperture Synthesis Studies of the Chemical Composition of Protoplanetary Disks and Comets: Anneila Sargent, Peter Goldreich, Michael E. Brown, Geoffrey A. Blake; (in English) Improvements in observational methods have now made it possible to directly observe planet-forming environments around young stars and to better characterize the most primitive relics of planetary growth in our own solar system. This thesisfootnote{Thesis can be downloaded from www.gps.caltech.edu/~{}qch/qch\_thesis.pdf } describes one such method, aperture synthesis imaging using the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) Millimeter Array, and its application to the chemical composition of circumstellar accretion disks and comets. The observations presented in this thesis concentrate on $lambda$$sim$3 mm transitions of HCN/HCO$^+$ and $^{13}$CO/CN in LkCa 15, GM Aur, MWC 480, and HD 163296. These disks were chosen based on their large spatial extent, Keplerian kinematic patterns, and strong CO emission. Even at a resolution of 2$'$ (or a linear scale of $sim$300 AU at the distance of Taurus and Ophiuchus), the OVRO observations show that the chemistry in circumstellar disks is sensitive to both the central stellar luminosity and the degree of dust settling toward the disk midplane. Abundance ratios such as CN/HCN and HCO$^+$/CO serve as unique probes of pivotal processes such as photoevaporation or cosmic ray induced ionization. The observed lower limit to the fractional ionization of 10$^{-10}$ is sufficient to support magnetorotational instabilities that are likely to dominate the transport mechanisms in the outer reaches of protoplanetary disks. CN/HCN gradients in the T Tauri and Herbig Ae star disks appear to be correlated with the local UV radiation field and with the degree of dust settling as judged by recent fits to their spectral energy distributions, illustrating the important role of photochemistry at large disk radii. The disk emission toward LkCa 15 is particularly intense, with many molecules being detected, including HCN/HCO$^+$ and their $^{13}$C-isotopomers, DCN, CN, HC$_3$N, CH$_{3}$OH, CS, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O. The overall abundance patterns are consistent with recent models of photon-dominated chemistry in the near surface regions of flaring circumstellar disks that also provide a natural explanation for the mid- and far-infrared properties of the disk spectral energy distribution. Direct ties between accretion disks and the formation of planetary systems can be tested by examining primitive solar system bodies such as comets. Comet Hale-Bopp was observed at OVRO from 1997 March 29 to April 2 in a variety of spectroscopic settings between 3.4 and 1.2 mm. The resulting aperture synthesis millimeter-wave continuum and molecular line images reveal in great detail the inner coma. The millimeter-wave continuum brightness of Hale-Bopp is dominated by emission from dust grains in the coma. By subtracting a spherically symmetric coma model from the continuum visibilities, the millimeter-wave flux from the nucleus has been isolated, and leads to an estimated radius of 19-22.5 km. The large size of comet Hale-Bopp accounts for its extraordinary outgassing rates, which permitted the aperture synthesis observations of over 18 millimeter transitions of HCN, DCN, HDO, {HC${_3}$N}, HNC, HNCO, CS, {H$_2$S}, SO, OCS, CO, {CH$_3$OH} and {CH$_3$OCH$_3$}. The OVRO Millimeter Array was able to image, for the first time, molecular analogs of the dust jets commonly observed at optical and infrared wavelengths. This is particularly significant for investigating the true composition of comets, since jets are known to lift off large, icy grains from which direct sublimation can occur as they are exposed to the Sun. The production rates derived from the aperture synthesis images are similar to those found by other researchers, and reveal a marked similarity between the composition of Hale-Bopp and that derived for dense molecular clouds, in particular the hot cores observed near massive young stars. In addition, quite substantial D/H fractionations, comparable to the OVRO DCN/HCN measurement in LkCa 15, are found in the jets. While this clearly suggests an evolutionary history in which cometary materials remain at very low temperatures throughout their assemblage and for the bulk of their lives, the complex, kinetically controlled chemistry revealed in the OVRO images of the cold, outer regions of disks around young stars means that it is difficult to characterize cometary volatiles as being primarily interstellar' or nebular' in origin. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.86)

3 from CogPrints

1. Hurford, James R, Kirby, Simon; Co-Evolution of Language-Size and the Critical Period: Species evolve, very slowly, through selection of genes which give rise to phenotypes well adapted to their environments. The cultures, including the languages, of human communities evolve, much faster, maintaining at least a minimum level of adaptedness to the external, non- cultural environment. In the phylogenetic evolution of species, the transmission of information across generations is via copying of molecules, and innovation is by mutation and sexual recombination. In cultural evolution, the transmission of information across generations is by learning, and innovation is by sporadic invention or borrowing from other cultures. This much is the foundational bedrock of evolutionary theory. But things get more complicated; there can be gene-culture co-evolution. Prior to the rise of culture, the physical environment is the only force shaping biological evolution from outside the organism, and cultures themselves are clearly constrained by the evolved biological characteristics of their members. But cultures become part of the external environment, and influence the course of biological evolution. For example, altruistic cultures with developed medical knowledge reduce the cost to the individual of carrying genes disposing to certain pathologies (such as diabetes); and such genes become more widespread in the populations maintaining such cultures. Assortative mating can affect biological evolution, and particular cultures may influence the factors which are sorted for in mating. (For a careful discussion of the effects of cultural evolution on natural selection, see Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer, 1971:774- 804). This paper examines mechanisms involved in the co-evolution of a biological trait, the critical period for language acquisition, and a property of human cultures, the size of their languages. A gene/culture interaction will be shown that can be described as a kind of symbiosis, but perhaps more aptly as an arms race'. In this introduction, we will sketch the basic mechanics of the interaction in very broad terms; the rest of the paper will explain and justify the details. The implications of our model for second language acquisition are given toward the end of the paper. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.91)

2. Stell, J. G., Worboys, M. F.; The Algebraic Structure of Sets of Regions: The provision of ontologies for spatial entities is an important topic in spatial information theory. Heyting algebras, co-Heyting algebras, and bi-Heyting algebras are structures having considerable potential for the theoretical basis of these ontologies. This paper gives an introduction to these Heyting structures, and provides evidence of their importance as algebraic theories of sets of regions. The main evidence is a proof that elements of certain Heyting algebras provide models of the Region-Connection Calculus developed by Cohn et al. By using the mathematically well known techniques of pointless topology'', it is straightforward to conduct this proof without any need to assume that regions consist of sets of points. Further evidence is provided by a new qualitative theory of regions with indeterminate boundaries. This theory uses modal operators which are related to the algebraic operations present in a bi-Heyting algebra. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.21)

3. Harnad, Stevan; The Paper House of Cards (and why it's taking so long to collapse): The remaining cost of serial publication, once expenses are scaled down to the electronic-only level, is low enough to render the interests of everyone -- the author, the reader, the funder of the author's research, the university supporting the author, and, yes, the electronic learned serial publishers -- better served by recovering those costs and a fair profit at the author's end, in the form of page charges (paid for by the funders of the author's research and/or the university employing him to do the research, both co-beneficiaries, with the author, of the widest possible unimpeded distribution of the research reported), rather than by any version of reader-end payment, the latter depending as it does, on restricting access to what the author and his supporters would all prefer to see as free for all. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.15)

1 from DUETT - Dissertations and other Documents of the Gerhard-Mercator-University Duisburg

1. Lange, Juergen; Hoch stapeln, fest zurren :Arbeit mit konventionellen und innovativen Systemen der Containersicherung auf Seeschiffen und im Hafen - STACK THEM HIGH AND LASH THEM TIGHT : Work with conventional and innovative systems for container lashing on ocean-going vessels and in ports: Danckwerts, Dankwart; (in German) This paper is the product of a research and development project for an alternative system for the seaworthy lashing of containers on ocean-going vessels jointly drawn up by terminal operators, stevedore companies, shipping companies, shipbuilders and chandlers, a classification society and scientific institutions, working together in a co-operation community. The development project was conducted over the period from 1988 - 1996 and was temporarily sponsored by the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology and the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. Within the framework of this project, in addition to acting as general overall manager the author was responsible for economic and social questions with especial emphasis being placed on aspects relating to labour science. This paper presents the development project as an example of the use of innovative procedures in the field of labour science in a real economic-technical area of activity. Both the procedure for developing and evaluating a technological and llabour-organisational solution intended for implementation by the economic actors involved and the method of presentation in this paper are characterised by the particular conditions imposed by the fact that all the specialists in the fields of labour science, microeconomics and engineering were given equal status with the aim of achieving a joint project objective. Hitherto, container handling has been ignored by the social sciences; to this extent the work was pioneering in its nature. As far as we know, there are no ergonomic studies available on this field. The area of container lashing is therefore presented in a relatively comprehensive way from various specialist viewpoints, supported by multimedia elements. In order to obtain design criteria for a new lashing system, first of all a detailed ergonomic record of the actual situation in container lashing was made, particular importance being attached to the participation of the lashers themselves in determining the specific problem areas of their work and in drawing up the target criteria. A lashing system was developed which fulfils the following criteria, among others: improvement of the work processes flexibility of container lashing increase in system safety simplification of container handling reduction of handling costs increase in productivity The VACU-Lashing-System comprises technological and organisational solutions which are suitable for container handling on container ships of all standard sizes and can in principle be used on all container terminals world-wide. The individual system solutions were subjected to a comprehensive technical, microeconomic and ergonomic evaluation. The Hamburg Solution developed was tested on a container vessel on a Mediterranean voyage as well as on several European container terminals, with the involvement of the lashers. The lashing solutions have been modified in line with the results of the evaluation, particular attention being devoted to the experience gained by the lashers, and then developed to the point of readiness for marketing. The evaluation showed that the new lashing system is technically feasible, leads to improvements in the working conditions of the seamen and lashers, ensures the security of the cargo, makes it possible to increase the capacity of container ships and improves handling speed. The extended calculation of economic efficiency showed that taking all economic, technical and ergonomic criteria into account, the introduction of VACU-Lashing-Solutions is realistic, makes a real difference and is to be recommended. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.25)

9 from Digital Library of the Commons

1. ... ; Measuring Transaction Costs of Fisheries Co-Management: (in English) Authors' Abstract: Fisheries co-management as an alternative to centralised command and control fisheries management is often suggested as a solution to the problems of fisheries resource use conflicts and overexploitation. Various researchers have talked of the importance of studying the role of transaction costs between different institutional arrangements for managing fisheries resources. There have however been no attempts to verify empirically by measuring the transaction costs involved in fisheries management. This paper provides some measurements of the transaction costs under a fisheries co-management system. The transaction costs can be categorised into three major cost items. These are (1) information costs, (2) collective fisheries decision-making costs, and (3) collective operational costs. The transaction costs of fisheries co-management in San Salvador Island, Philippines is presented. The method of collecting information about transactions cost of fisheries co-management had not been attempted anywhere before. Information on the cost of a wide range of transaction costs variables were collected. The costs are used to assess the relative importance of the various transactions costs in a co-managed and a centrally managed system. The difference in the transaction costs between a centraly managed and a co-managed system is used as a basis for public policy decisions on the choice of alternative institutional arrangements for managing a fishery." [Text] [View with Perseus links] (1.30)

2. Sproule-Jones, Mark; Co-Production: A Different Approach to Public Sector Efficiency: Department of Political Science, Copps Chair in Urban Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Series:Cutback Management for Local Government, Occasional Paper, no. 1; (in English) (From pp. 2-3): "In this first of a series of occasional reports on cutback management in government, we detail the potential advantages and difficulties in implementing co-production for government functions. "Section (2) of the report describes co-production and gives examples of its use in local governments in Canada and abroad. The economic theory of co-production is relegated to an Appendix note, as are a bibliography and the methodology used in this study, for those readers who wish to pursue a more in-depth analysis. "Section (3) provides evidence on the potential savings and cost-effectiveness from co-production, with data drawn from its current use in the Hamilton-Wentworth area. "Section (4) discusses the key requirements for any successful introduction of co-production into service provisions by local governments. And it discusses the difficulties of implementation. "Section (5) offers concluding remarks and summarizes the thrust of this report for government and for the informed layman." [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.68)

3. Girot, Pascal O., Weitzner, Viviane, Fonseca, Marvin Borras; From Conflict to Collaboration: The Case of Cahuita National Park, Limon, Costa Rica: (in English) From Pages 1 and 2: This case study examines the impact of the establishment of Cahuita National Park on the community of Cahuita, a largely Afro-Caribbean community located on the southern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. It analyzes the innovative tactics the community used to manage several conflict situations with the state, and evaluates the collaborative management institution that emerged as a result of negotiations. The case has caught the attention of many players in the Central American conservation community, because it marks the first time that a national park in Costa Rica is jointly administered by the community and the state. While interesting management arrangements have been established in Costa Rica for 'lesser' conservation categories such as wildlife refuges, the arrangement in Cahuita National Park is precedent-setting in that it involves a national park intended strictly for conservation and recreation. "Moreover, Cahuita's experience of moving from conflict within the state to collaboration mirrors a policy shift on behalf of the government of Costa Rica away from centralized, top-down natural resources management towards a process of 'deconcentration, decentralization, and democratization' (Solorzano 1997). In light of this policy context, an in-depth evaluation of the Cahuita experience is essential. This case study a) describes the historical background to the conflict situation, and events leading to the development of the joint management committee; b) analyzes the structure and process of the joint management committee; and c) discusses the implications of the Cahuita experience within a national and regional context. It contributes to the growing body of knowledge about co-management by providing an analysis of a first attempt to institute such a figure within the context of national parks management in Central America. Within the theoretical context, the paper addresses the question: Is there co-management in Cahuita National Park?" [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.45)

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2 from Humboldt University of Berlin, GERMANY, Document Server

1. Dittrich, Anna-Maria; Induktionsbedingungen und kostimulatorische Effekte von ICOS: (in German) The outcome of T-cell resonses after T-cell encounter with specific antigens is modulated by co-stimulatory signals, which are required for both lymphocyte activation and development of adaptive immunity. Here I report the initial characterization of a novel co-stimulatory molecule which enhances all basic T-cell functions and displays a unique induction and expression pattern. ICOS (for inducible co-stimulator) is a T-cellspecific activation antigen with high homology to CD28, the prototype of a co-stimulatory molecule. Analysis of induction requirements for ICOS expression revealed a two-signal dependency and cyclosporine A sensitivity. ICOS' expression kinetics are unique when compared with other early T-cell activation antigens. ICOS is induced very quickly on the T-cell surface and is rapidly upregulated following T-cell activation. The surface expression of ICOS is surprisingly prolonged - lasting at least 96 hours - considering its rapid induction kinetics. Stimulation via an ICOS-specific monoclonal antibody enhances all basic T-cell functions such as proliferation, upregulation of molecules that medicate cell-cell interaction, secretion of lymphokines and effective help for antibody secreting B-cells. Costimulation via ICOS is effective regardless of the route of action of the first signal (immobilized or soluble). Blockade of the ICOS interaction with its presumed ligand on B-cells does not inhibit immunoglobulin production by these B-cells, though. Finally long-term stimulation experiments reveal a possible negative role for ICOS in regulating T-cell responses. These results indicate that ICOS is a major regulator of the adaptive immune system determining the healthy balance of negative and positive signaling during T-cell activation and differentiation. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.60)

2. Jauhiainen, Annu; Selecting An Automated Library System for Finnish Research Libraries, Linnea2: (in English) Finnish university libraries have chosen a new integrated library system. This is continuation to the co-operation that started in the late 80Ns when these libraries got their first automated library system. The co-operation is now expanded, when the databases of all university libraries as well as the national and union databases will be assembled on a single server, which is outsourced. This means significant savings, a long with technical improvements, both in the purchase price of software and hardware as well as in the maintenance costs. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.33)

223 from Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules

1. ... ; Search for single top quark production at D0 using neural networks [Text] (3.50)

2. ... ; Cross Section for b Jet Production in $p\overline{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8 TeV [Text] (3.22)

3. ... ; Measurement of the mass and width of the Z$^0$-particle from multihadronic final states produced in e$^+$e$^-$ annihilation [Text] (3.04)

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66 from Library of Congress Open Archive Initiative Repository 1

1. Gill (J.K.) & Co.; J.K. Gill & Cos. map of Washingtonter. [Image] [View with Perseus links] (2.63)

2. Horydczak, Theodor, ca. 1890-1971, photographer.; Theatrical productions.: Bankhage & Co. Mr. Bankhage & Co. in costumes II [Image] [View with Perseus links] (1.88)

3. Storms, William R. & Co.; Frauds of the revenue of customs ... Resulting from this method of disposal by the government, we have in connection with our store of Storms, Thurber & Co ... secured a considerable portion of the costly merchandise referred to in the above official announcement, and we offer the same, together with our own stock, to the public ... The sales are by private treaty only and commence Monday, December 21st. Wm. R. Storms & Co. Boston. Hollis & Gunn, printers [1868].: (in English) On verso: 1868., Printed Ephemera Collection; Portfolio 72, Folder 55. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (1.71)

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9 from NCSTRL Historical Collection

1. Gupta, Rajesh Kumar; Co-Synthesis of Hardware and Software for Digital Embedded Systems: As the complexity of systems being subject to computer-aided synthesis and optimization techniques increases, so does the need to find ways to incorporate predesigned components into the final system implementation. In this context, a general-purpose microprocessor provides a sophisticated low-cost component that can be tailored to realize most system functions through appropriate software. This approach is particularly useful in the design of embedded systems that have a relatively simple target architecture, when compared to general-purpose computing systems such as workstations. In embedded systems the processor is used as a resource dedicated to implement specific functions. However, the design issues in embedded systems are complicated since most of these systems operate in a time-constrained environment. Recent advances in chip-level synthesis have made it possible to synthesize application-specific circuits under strict timing constraints. This dissertation formulates the problem of computer-aided design of embedded systems using both application-specific as well as general-purpose reprogrammable components under timing constraints. Given a specification of system functionality and constraints in a hardware description language, we model the system as a set of bilogic flow graphs, and formulate the co-synthesis problem as a partitioning problem under constraints. Timing constraints are used to determine the parts of the system functionality that are delegated to application-specific hardware and the software that runs on the processor. The software component of such a 'mixed' system poses an interesting problem due to its interaction with concurrently operating hardware. We address this problem by generating software as a set of concurrent fixed-latency serialized operations called threads. The satisfaction of the imposed performance constraints is then ensured by exploiting concurrency between program threads, achieved by an inter-leaved execution on a single processor system. This co-synthesis of hardware and software from behavioral specifications makes it possible to build time-constrained embedded systems by using off-the-shelf parts and application-specific circuitry. Due to the reduction in size of application-specific hardware needed compared to an all-hardware solution, the needed hardware component can be easily mapped to semicustom VLSI such as gate arrays, thus shortening the design time. In addition, the ability to perform a detailed analysis of timing performance provides an opportunity to improve the system definition by creating better prototypes. The algorithms and techniques described have been implemented in a framework called Vulcan, which is integrated with the Stanford Olympus Synthesis System and provides a path from chip-level synthesis to system-level synthesis. [Text] (0.72)

2. Bjoerck, Ake, Golub, Gene H.; Numerical methods for computing angles between linear subspaces: Assume that two subspaces F and G of unitary space are defined as the ranges (or nullspaces) of given rectangular matrices A and B. Accurate numerical methods are developed for computing the principal angles $\theta_k (F,G)$ and orthogonal sets of principal vectors $u_k\ \epsilon\ F$ and $v_k\ \epsilon\ G$, k = 1,2,..., q = dim(G) $\leq$ dim(F). An important application in statistics is computing the canonical correlations $\sigma_k\ = cos \theta_k$ between two sets of variates. A perturbation analysis shows that the condition number for $\theta_k$ essentially is max($\kappa (A),\kappa (B)$), where $\kappa$ denotes the condition number of a matrix. The algorithms are based on a preliminary QR-factorization of A and B (or $A^H$ and $B^H$), for which either the method of Householder transformations (HT) or the modified Gram-Schmidt method (MGS) is used. Then cos $\theta_k$ and sin $\theta_k$ are computed as the singular values of certain related matrices. Experimental results are given, which indicates that MGS gives $\theta_k$ with equal precision and fewer arithmetic operations than HT. However, HT gives principal vectors, which are orthogonal to working accuracy, which is not in general true for MGS. Finally the case when A and/or B are rank deficient is discussed. [Text] (0.60)

3. Kokkoras, Fotios, Gregory, Steve; D-WMS: Distributed workforce management using CLP: We present a distributed CLP-based approach for solving a real workforce management problem (BT's DT-250-118). The problem consists of a set of jobs that we want to assign to engineers in order to serve as many of them as possible at a minimum cost. We first divide the problem into sub-problems and then assign each of them to a solving agent. Each agent works independently to solve its own sub-problem and then co-operates with its peers to optimize further the intermediate results. In the sub-problem solving stage, our agents use a CLP based approach which has been used in the past in a centralized, global way. Our method allows naturally distributed scheduling and resource allocation problems to be solved in a short time with minimal disruption to the quality of solutions when compared against global approaches. [Text] (0.34)

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3 from OCLC Online Computer Library Center Theses and Dissertations Repository

1. Coe, Teddy Lewis; Cost control of systems and computing activities utilizing the conventional accounting model /--by Teddy Lewis Coe.: Vita., Microfilm of typescript. Ann Arbor, Mich : Xerox University Microfilms, 1973. -- 1 reel ; 35 mm., "73-12248", Thesis--Texas A & M University., Bibliography: leaves 235-240. [Text] (0.91)

2. Hitchcock, Gary Lewis., University of Rhode Island.--Thesis.--Oceanography.; Co-action experiments with Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Cleve Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran, and Thalassiosira Nordenskioeldii Cleve in filtered and autoclaved seawater.: Thesis (M.S.)--University of Rhode Island., Bibliography: a?IJN. 82-86. [Text] (0.67)

3. Arauz Aguilar, Armando.; El auxilio de cesantiI?ia;--anaI?ilisis del artiI?iculo 29 del CoI?idigo de trabajo y de otras disposiciones conexas.: Tesis (licenciatura en leyes)--Universidad de Costa Rica., Bibliography: p. [151] [Text] (0.44)

2 from Objects under development

1. Blochwitz, Jan Dipl.-Phys.; Organic light-emitting diodes with doped charge transport layers, alternative/translated: Organische Leuchtdioden mit dotierten Ladungstragertransportschichten: Technische Universitat Dresden, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Physik, Institut fur Angewandte Photophysik (IAPP); (in English) Organic dyes with a conjugated pi-electron system usually exhibit semiconducting behavior. Hence, they are potential materials for electronic and optoelectronic devices. Nowadays, some applications are already commercial on small scales. Controlled doping of inorganic semiconductors was the key step for today's inorganic semiconductor technology. The control of the conduction type and Fermi-level is crucial for the realization of stable pn-junctions. This allows for optimized light emitting diode (LED) structures with operating voltages close to the optical limit (around 2.5V for a green emitting LED). Despite that, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) generally consist of a series of intrinsic layers based on organic molecules. These intrinsic organic charge transport layers suffer from non-ideal injection and noticeable ohmic losses. However, organic materials feature some technological advantages for device applications like low cost, an almost unlimited variety of materials, and possible preparation on large and flexible substrates. They also differ in some basic physical parameters, like the index of refraction in the visible wavelength region, the absorption coefficient and the Stokes-shift of the emission wavelength. Doping of organic semiconductors has only been scarcely addressed. Our aim is the lowering of the operating voltages of OLEDs by the use of doped organic charge transport layers. The present work is focused mainly on the p-type doping of weakly donor-type molecules with strong acceptor molecules by co-evaporation of the two types of molecules in a vacuum system. In order to understand the improved hole injection from a contact material into a p-type doped organic layer, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS/XPS) was carried out. The experimental results of the UPS/XPS measurements on F4-TCNQ doped zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and their interpretation is given. Measurements were done on the typical transparent anode material for OLEDs, indium-tin-oxide (ITO) and on gold. The conclusion from these experiments is that (i) the Fermi-energy comes closer to the transport energy (the HOMO for p-type doping), (ii) the built-in potential is changed accordingly, and (iii) the depletion layer becomes very thin because of the high space charge density in the doped layer. The junction between a doped organic layer and the conductive substrate behaves rather similar to a heavily doped Schottky junction, known from inorganic semicondcutor physics. This behavior favors charge injection from the contact into the organic semiconductor due to tunneling through a very small Schottky barrier (quasi-ohmic contact). The performance of OLEDs with doped charge transport layers improves successively from a simple two-layer design with doped phthalocyanine as hole transport layer over a three-layer design with an electron blocking layer until OLEDs with doped amorphous wide gap materials, with and without additional electron injection enhancement and electron blocking layers. Based on the experience with the first OLEDs featuring doped hole transport layers, an ideal device concept which is based on realistic material parameters is proposed (blocking layer concept). Very high efficient OLEDs with still low operating voltage have been prepared by using an additional emitter dopant molecule with very high photoluminescence quantum yield in the recombination zone of a conventional OLED. An OLED with an operating voltage of 3.2-3.2V for a brightness of 100cd/m2 could be demonstrated. These results represent the lowest ever reported operating voltage for LEDs consisting of exclusively vacuum sublimed molecular layers. The current efficiency for this device is above 10cd/A, hence, the power efficiency at 100cd/m2 is about 10lm/W. This high power efficiency could be achieved by the use of a blocking layer between the transport and the emission layer., Organische Farbstoffe mit einem konjugierten pi-Elektronen System zeigen uberwiegend ein halbleitendes Verhalten. Daher sind sie potentielle Materialien fur elektronische und optoelektronische Anwendungen. Erste Anwendungen in Flachbildschirmen sind bereits in (noch) geringen Mengen auf dem Markt. Die kontrollierte Dotierung anorganischer Halbleiter bereitete die Basis fur den Durchbruch der bekannten Halbleitertechnologie. Die Kontrolle des Leitungstypes und der Lage des Fermi-Niveaus erlaubte es, stabile pn-Ubergange herzustellen. LEDs konnen daher mit Betriebsspannungen nahe dem thermodynamischen Limit betrieben werden (ca. 2.5V fur eine Emission im grunen Spektralbereich). Im Gegensatz dazu bestehen organische Leuchtdioden (OLEDs) typischerweise aus einer Folge intrinsischer Schichten. Diese weisen eine ineffiziente Injektion aus Kontakten und eine relative geringe Leitfahigkeit auf, welche mit hohen ohmschen Verlusten verbunden ist. Andererseits besitzen organische Materialien einige technologische Vorteile, wie geringe Herstellungskosten, grosse Vielfalt der chemischen Verbindungen und die Moglichkeit sie auf flexible grosse Substrate aufzubringen. Sie unterscheiden sich ebenso in einigen fundamentalen physikalischen Parametern wie Brechungsindex, Dielektrizitatskonstante, Absorptionskoeffizient und Stokes-Verschiebung der Emissionswellenlange gegenuber der Absorption. Das Konzept der Dotierung wurde fur organische Halbleiter bisher kaum untersucht und angewandt. Unser Ziel ist die Erniedrigung der Betriebsspannung herkommlicher OLEDs durch den Einsatz der gezielten Dotierung der Transportschichten mit organischen Molekulen. Um die verbesserte Injektion aus der Anode in die dotierte Lochertransportschicht zu verstehen, wurden UPS/XPS Messungen durchgefuhrt (ultraviolette und Rontgen-Photoelektronenspektroskopie). Messungen wurden an mit F4-TCNQ dotiertem Zink-Phthalocyanin auf ITO und Gold-Kontakten durchgefuhrt. Die Schlussfolgerungen aus den Experimenten ist, das (i) die Fermi-Energie sich durch Dotierung dem Transportniveau (also dem HOMO im Falle der vorliegenden p-Dotierung) annahert, (ii) die Diffusionspannung an der Grenzflache durch Dotierung entsprechend verandert wird, und (iii) die Verarmungszone am Kontakt zum ITO sehr dunn wird. Der Kontakt aus organischem Material und leitfahigem Substrat verhalt sich also ganz analog zum Fall der Dotierung anorganischer Halbleiter. Es entsteht ein stark dotierter Schottky-Kontakt dessen schmale Verarmungszone leicht durchtunnelt werden kann (quasi-ohmscher Kontakt). Die Leistungseffizienz von OLEDs mit dotierten Transportschichten konnte sukzessive erhoht werden, vom einfachen 2-Schicht Design mit dotiertem Phthalocyanine als Lochertransportschicht, uber einen 3-Schicht-Aufbau mit einer Elektronen-Blockschicht bis zu OLEDs mit dotierten 'wide-gap' Lochertransport-Materialien, mit und ohne zusatzlicher Schicht zur Verbesserung der Elektroneninjektion. Sehr effiziente OLEDs mit immer noch niedriger Betriebsspannung wurden durch die Dotierung der Emissionsschicht mit Molekulen erhohter Photolumineszenzquantenausbeute (Laser-Farbstoffe) erreicht. Eine optimierte LED-Struktur weist eine Betriebsspannung von 3.2-3.2V fur eine Lichtemission von 100cd/m2 auf. Diese Resultate entsprechen den zur Zeit niedrigsten Betriebsspannungen fur OLEDs mit ausschliesslich im Vakuum aufgedampften Schichten. Die Stromeffizienz liegt bei ca. 10cd/A, was einer Leistungseffizienz bei 100cd/m2 von 10lm/W entspricht. Diese hohe Leistungseffizienz war nur moglich durch die Verwendung einer Blockschicht zwischen der dotierten Transportschicht und der Lichtemissions-Schicht. Im Rahmen der Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Dotierung die Betriebsspannungen von OLEDs senken kann und damit die Leistungseffizienz erhoht wird. Zusammen mit einer sehr dunnen Blockschicht konnte einen niedrige Betriebsspannung bei gleichzeitig hoher Effizienz erreicht werden (Blockschicht-Konzept). [Text] (0.58)

2. Stegemerten, Bernhard; Sozialpsychiatrie - 25 Jahre nach der Psychiatrie-EnqueAte: (in German) Gegenstand der Dissertation ist die Psychiatrie, deren Erschliessung interdisziplinar erfolgt (padagogisch, sozialwissenschaftlich, psychologisch, medizinisch). In Band I wird die nichtstationare Psychiatrie im Kontext "benachbarter" Versorgungsbereiche betrachtet: der geistig Behinderten, der Suchtmittelabhangigen, der Senioren, der Wohnungslosen; kurz: der "Personen mit individuellen Stutzungsbedarfen". In Band II werden Ergebnisse einer vom Autor durchgefuhrten empirischen Untersuchung uber die Sozialpsychiatrischen Dienste in Niedersachsen vorgelegt. Es findet eine kritische Auseinandersetzung uber die gegenwartige Versorgung, Steuerung und Finanzierung statt. Der Autor wendet sich gegen die Institutionszentriertheit , zu Gunsten einer Personenzentrierung der Hilfeangebote. Er stellt die Zersplitterung der Leistungs- und Kostentrager in Frage. Abschliessend wird das Modell regionaler "Ayudaria-Organisationen" vorgestellt, die bisherige Versorgungsmangel ausgleichen sollen. Merkmale sind: drittelparitatische Mitbestimmung, verbindliches Qualitatsmanagement (EFQM), Mischfinanzierung uber Globalbudget. The subject of this dissertation is psychiatry, which is treated within the framework of various disciplines (education, sociology, psychology, medicine). Volume I deals with out-patient psychiatry within the context of associated fields of care: the mentally handicapped, those who are addicted to drugs, old aged people, and the homeless; in short it deals with "persons in need of individual care". Volume II presents the results of the author's empirical study on social-psychiatric services in Lower Saxony. The state of current care, management and financing comes under critical review. The author rejects the idea of a focus on institutions and is in favour of a focus on assistance for individuals. He calls into question the splitting up of the benefits services and the cost units. The author concludes with a presentation of the regional "Ayudaria Organisations" model, which is intended to compensate for previous shortages in care. The features of this model include one-third parity co-determination, obligatory quality management (EFQM) and mixed financing through a global budget. [Text] (0.14)

3 from Technical University of Chemnitz - MONARCH

1. Meiken Falke; Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Bildung von CoSi$_{2}$-Schichten auf Si(001): (in German) Die Bildung von CoSi$_{2}$ bei der Festphasenreaktion duenner Co-Schichten mit Si(001)-Substraten bei verschiedenen Herstellungsverfahren wird elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Ergebnisse koennen mit RBS- und XRD-Resultaten korreliert werden. Praeparationsmethoden elektronentransparenter Proben werden erlaeutert. Die gebildeten Silicidschichten werden in bezug auf die enthaltenen Phasen und Orientierungsbeziehungen ihrer Kristallite untereinander und zum Si-Substrat charakterisiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Reaktion von Co-Schichten mit Si$_{1-x}$C$_{x}$-Substraten (x <= 0.005) zu einem mit wachsendem Kohlenstoffgehalt steigenden Anteil epitaktischer Kristallite in der gebildeten CoSi$_{2}$-Schicht fuehrt. Die Ursache dafuer wird in der durch den Kohlenstoff behinderten Co-Diffusion gesehen. Die Rolle des Kohlenstoffs bei Diffusionsvorgaengen in Si wird diskutiert. Die Festphasenreaktion der Metall-Doppelschichtsysteme Co/Ti und Co/Hf auf Si(001)-Substraten mit dem Ziel der Epitaxie von CoSi$_{2}$ wird in bezug auf die unterschiedliche Wirkung der Zwischenschichtmetalle Ti und Hf, als Bildner einer Co-Diffusionsbarriere, untersucht. Es werden eine CoSi-Zwischenphase mit Vorzugsorientierungen ihrer Kristallite und die Nukleation des angestrebten epitaktischen CoSi$_{2}$ an der CoSi/Si-Grenzflaeche nachgewiesen. Die hoehere Qualitaet der epitaktischen CoSi$_{2}$-Schichten aus dem Co/Ti/Si-System wird auf eine effektivere Diffusionsbarriere zurueckgefuehrt, welche eine hoehere CoSi$_{2}$-Nukleationstemperatur bewirkt. Die gefundene Silicid-Phasensequenz wird unter thermodynamischen, kinetischen und strukturellen Gesichtspunkten diskutiert. The formation of CoSi$_{2}$ by solid phase reaction using different methods is analysed by means of electron microscopy. The results correspond to RBS and XRD measurements. A description of the sample preparation for transmission electron microscopy is given. The formed silicide films are characterized with respect to the contents of different phases and the orientation relations between their crystallites and between them and the Si-substrate. For the reaction of Co films with Si$_{1-x}$C$_{x}$-substrates (x <= 0.005) it is shown that a rising carbon concentration of the Si-substrates leads to an increasing content of epitaxial crystallites in the CoSi$_{2}$-films formed. The reason for this is supposed to be the limitation of the Co diffusion caused by the carbon. The role played by carbon in diffusion processes in Si is discussed. The solid phase reaction of the metallic bi-layers Co/Ti and Co/Hf with Si(001)-substrates aimed at CoSi$_{2}$ epitaxy is analysed concerning the different effects produced by Ti and Hf as barrier-forming film materials. An intermediately appearing CoSi-phase with preferred orientations of its crystallites and the nucleation of the epitaxial CoSi$_{2}$, aimed at, at the CoSi/Si-interface were found. The higher quality of the epitaxial CoSi$_{2}$ obtained in the Co/Ti/Si-system is attributed to a more effective diffusion barrier in this film system, causing a higher CoSi$_{2}$ nucleation temperature. The found sequence of silicide phases is discussed taking into consideration thermodynamical, kinetical and structural aspects. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (7.22)

2. Barbara Gebhardt; Wachstum epitaktischer CoSi$_2$-Schichten durch Reaktion metallischer Doppelschichten mit Si(100): (in German) Die Bildung von CoSi$_2$-Schichten mittels TIME-Verfahren (TIME: Ti-Interlayer Mediated Epitaxy) wurde untersucht. Dabei wurde die Ti-Zwischenschicht durch eine Hf-Zwischenschicht ersetzt. Der Einfluss der Prozessparameter (Tempertemperatur, Temperzeit, Aufheizrate und Ausgangsschichtdicken) und des Metalls (Hf, Ti, Zr) der Zwischenschicht auf die Reaktion der metallischen Doppelschichten mit Si(100) wurde ermittelt. Zur Charakterisierung der Proben wurden RBS-, TEM-, XRD- und AES-Untersuchungen durchgefuehrt. Die Ausbildung eines Mehrschichtsystems nach der Temperung der Doppelschichten in Abhaengigkeit der Prozessparameter wird dargestellt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Prozessparameter die Temperatur bestimmen, bei der die CoSi$_2$-Keimbildung stattfindet. Anhand dieser Untersuchungen wird nachgewiesen, dass sich mit Erhoehung der CoSi$_2$-Keimbildungstemperatur die epitaktische Qualitaet der gebildeten CoSi$_2$-Schicht verbessert. Die Erklaerung des Reaktionsablaufs der metallischen Doppelschichten mit Si(100) erfolgt anhand eines aufgestellten Reaktionsschemas. Zur Entfernung der Deckschicht wurden verschiedene Aetzverfahren angewandt und deren Wirkung verglichen. The formation of a CoSi$_2$ layer by solid phase reaction of metallic bilayer with Si (TIME: Ti-Interlayer Mediated Epitaxy) was investigated. In this work the Ti was replaced by Hf. The influence of the annealing temperature, the annealing time, the heating rate and the thicknesses of the metallic layers on the reaction of the bilayer with Si was determined. The samples were characterised by Rutherford-backscattering (RBS), Transmission-Electron-Microscopy (TEM), X-ray-Diffraction and Auger-Electron-Spectroscopy (AES) studies. During the annealing of the samples a system of layers is formed. It was shown, that the annealing parameters and the thicknesses of the layer determine the temperature, on which the nucleation of CoSi$_2$ occurs. A decrease of this nucleation temperature leads to an improvement of the quality of the epitaxial CoSi$_2$ layer. A model of reaction is presented, which explains the reaction of the metallic bilayer with Si. The removal of the top layer by several etching procedures was investigated and the results were compared. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.57)

3. Tatsiana Azarava; Entwicklung von Verbundpulvern auf der Basis von Titankarbid fur das thermische Spritzen hochverschleissfester Schichten: (in German) Compositwerkstoffe mit Hartstoffverstarkung fur das thermische Spritzen finden eine breite Anwendung als Beschichtungswerkstoffe, da sie einen sehr guten Verschleissschutz bieten. Die bislang zur Verfugung stehenden konventionellen karbidhaltigen Pulver fur die Herstellung verschleissfester Schichten enthalten zum Teil hohere Mengen an Elementen, die sowohl als kostenintensiv als auch bedenklich im Hinblick auf die Umweltvertraglichkeit (z.B. Ni, Cr und Co) einzustufen sind. Die Untersuchungen wurden im Rahmen der Zusammenarbeit des Lehrstuhls fur Verbundwerkstoffe der TU Chemnitz mit dem Belorussischen Institut fur Pulvermetallurgie Minsk durchgefuhrt. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung neuartiger SHS-Verbundwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Eisen-Titankarbid, die als preiswerte und umweltfreundliche Spritzpulver zum thermischen Spritzen von verschleissbestandigen Schichten eingesetzt werden konnen. Als metallische Bindephasen fur die Herstellung der Verbundpulver wurden kostengunstiges Eisen und unterschiedliche Eisenlegierungen verwendet. Es werden die Gesetzmassigkeiten des Werkstoffverhaltens wahrend der SH-Synthese, bei der spritztechnischen Verarbeitung durch die APS-, VPS- und HVOF sowohl bei der Schichtbildung als auch wahrend der verschiedenen Verschleissuntersuchungen vorgestellt, die durch umfassende metallkundliche Betrachtungen begleitet werden. Die Ergebnisse aus den Verschleissuntersuchungen der synthetisierten TiC-haltigen Spritzschichten sowie der Spritzschichten aus den herkommlichen Pulvern werden verglichen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse schaffen Voraussetzungen fur vielfaltige Anwendungen von SHS-Verbundwerkstoffen des Fe/TiC-Systems fur das thermische Spritzen hochverschleissfester Schichten. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.21)

3 from The University of Michigan. University Library. Digital Library Production Service.

1. Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886.; Avolio ; a legend of the island of Cos. . With poems, lyrical,miscellaneous, and dramatic. / By Paul H. Hayne.: Verse reproduced elsewhere in American Poetry omitted., Transcribed from : Avolio ; a legend of the island of Cos. With poems, lyrical, miscellaneous, and dramatic. By Paul H. Hayne. Boston : Ticknor and Fields, 1860., Available for non-commercial, internal use by students, staff, and faculty for academic and research purposes only., American poetry database. Alexandria, VA : Chadwyck-Healey Inc., 1996. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.77)

2. Morrill, Bernard.; An investigation into the stability of a stead state vibratory system governed by the nonlinear differential equation mx'' plus cxx' plus ax = f(,0) cos (nu x t) / / Bernard Morrill.: Originally presented as author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Michigan., Includes bibliographical references., University of Michigan. College of Engineering. Industry Program. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.55)

3. Lemon, Mark, 1809-1870.; Arnold of Winkelried : Or The Fight of Sempach! .: Preliminaries omitted., Transcribed from : Arnold of Winkelried : Or The Fight of Sempach! A Drama, In Five Acts. By Mark Lemon ... The Only Edition Correctly Marked, By Permission From The Prompter's Book : To which is added, A Description of The Costume - Cast of The Characters : The Whole of The Stage Business, Situations - Entrances - Exits - Properties And Directions. As Performed At The London Theatres. Embellished With A Fine Engraving, By Mr. Findlay, from a Drawing expressly taken in the Theatre [ed. John Duncombe]. London : J. Duncombe & Co., 1825., Available for non-commercial, internal use by students, staff, and faculty for academic and research purposes only., English verse drama database. Cambridge, England : Chadwyck-Healey Ltd., 1994. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.40)

5 from University of Illinois Library

1. James B. Reston Papers 1935-95: ... [Collection] (10.69)

2. Roth C.; I wants to live while I'm living cos I'se goin to [Text] (1.47)

3. Roth, C.; I wants to live while I'm living cos I'se goin' to [Text] (1.35)

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1 from University of Minnesota IMAGES

1. NACA tour of the Detroit plant, "A group of Detroit's expert accountants, members of the National Association of Cost Accountants, here watch the final testing of an accounting machine at the Burroughs Adding Machine Company plant. Over 350 members of the local chapter of NACA visited Burroughs yesterday afternoon and evening for an inspection of machines and methods, and a regular association meeting. Left to right: W. Pasinksi, Burroughs guide : and NACA members, S. J. Davis, American Forging and Socket Co., Pontiac, Mich. : N. D. Matthews and J. C. Steinhelper, American Forging and Socket Co. : R. T. Herdegen, Jr., and Roy F. Ryan, Dominion Forge and Stamping, Windsor, Ontario. Seated is Miss Marolyn Henn, Burroughs operator, Commercial Inspection Dept. Final inspection of commercial bookkeeping machine.": This object is held by: Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, held mid-Dec.Published in: Bulletin no. 3357, February 1950, long shot, horizontal composition. Print is marked for cropping with back grease pencil in the margins. Reverse has stains from glue residue and tape., Six men look on as Marolyn Henn, Burroughs Operator in the Commercial Inspection Department, demonstrates a commercial bookkeeping machine at the Burroughs Adding Machine Company Detroit plant. The men are attending the National Association of Cost Accountants (NACA) local chapter's regular meeting, and tour of the Burroughs facility. December 1949. [Text] (0.63)

1 from University of Tennessee Libraries

1. Roth, Albert Gordon (Dutch), 1890-1974; Cosby Knob shelter, Roth Photograph Collection [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.62)

9 from Virginia Tech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection

1. Barski-Carrow, Barbara III; USING STUDY CIRCLES IN THE WORKPLACE AS AN EDUCATIONAL METHOD OF FACILITATING READJUSTMENT AFTER A TRAUMATIC LIFE EXPERIENCE: ... ; (in English) Employees who have had a traumatic life experience (TLE) and are returning to the workplace face a difficult road to recovery. The workplace as it exists today is not well equipped to handle such individuals. Managers and co-workers lack knowledge of a recovery framework to facilitate and support the survivor-employee's re-entry. This research addressed the development of a cost-free short-term adult educational intervention called Study Circles to assist both managers and co-workers in understanding the dynamics of recovery for individuals after a traumatic life experience (TLE). Herman's (1992) three stage recovery process is used as a model for the Study Circle intervention: (1) Establishing a safety net, (2) Telling the trauma story and (3) Reconnecting the individual back to the work community. As an educational intervention, this Study Circle is designed to complement any individual or psychotherapeutic intervention for TLE survivors. This research considered these questions: (1) How can Study Circles be designed and used to engage managers in a discussion of the problems of returning TLEs? (2) How can Study Circles be designed for and used by managers and co-workers to facilitate the TLEs re-entry? (3) Does a manager having previous experience with a TLE in the workplace engage more easily and intensively in a dialogue with a TLE than managers without such experience? (4) What examples of group-participation dynamics are likely to occur during such a Study Circle? (5) How open are managers to dialogue with a TLE in the workplace? (6) Does the environment and setting of a government agency have relevance for Study Circles in assisting managers to help returning TLEs? The research clearly showed that Study Circles can and do work successfully in the workplace especially in a government agency. Two groups of Study Circles (Group A and Group B), conducted during the lunch hour, attracted both managers and employees. The lunch hour served as an excellent time for Study Circle sessions since it did not interrupt the work schedule of the participants. Each Study Circle program consisted of three sessions where participants, managers and returning TLEs, engaged in open dialogue and discussed questions pertaining to creating a "safety net", "telling the trauma story" and "reconnecting the employee to the workplace." Each session provided insights to the participants on the issues and concerns managers may have in "welcoming" a returning TLE to the workplace, along with feedback from returning TLEs on the expectations they have of managers and the organization. These sessions provided an opportunity to explore uncharted territory in the organization, that of bringing a sensitive topic to the workplace and openly talking about its effect on management and its employees. Both Study Circle groups were different. Group A was homogeneous and shared more feelings and suggested that the organization needed "guidelines to assist managers" in their task. On the other hand, group B managers did not share their stories or experiences with the group, but encouraged the organization to focus on training its managers to "communicate" better and learn "active listening skills." Although Group B managers were not as open as group A managers, the employees in both groups were equally open and eager to share their stories with the other participants. Both groups created their own group culture engaging not only in the session's topic but other pertinent issues relative to manager/employee concerns such as acknowledging differences (each TLE will be different), communicating more openly, and recognizing performance issues when the TLE returns to the workplace. It was concluded that to appropriately welcome a returning TLE employee, managers did not need to have previous experience in dealing with a returning TLE. Their success in this depended on the individual and his/her career experience, how comfortable they felt in engaging the returning TLE, and the managers own personal experience with trauma. Although the Study Circle format has been extensively used in community meetings, church groups and home study groups, it has only rarely been tried in workplace settings. These Study Circles proved that this adult educational process applied in business and corporate settings with business and corporate settings with excellent results. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.70)

2. Aksal, Fatma; Relative Wages and Endogenous Growth: Richard Cothren, Andrew Feltenstein, Russell Murphy, Mark Stegeman, Co-Chair and Robert Gilles, Co-Chair; (in English) Technological progress, human capital, and tax policies play an important role in growth. Recent models of endogenous growth based on technological progress predict that high technological progress and growth are associated with a high relative supply of skilled workers who earn constant or relatively low wages. Chapter 1 of this dissertation reviews recent models of endogenous growth. The 1980s, however, are associated with high technological progress, high relative supply and increasing relative wages of skilled workers. Chapter 2 of this dissertation shows that, unlike most recent endogenous growth models, high rates of technological change can be accompanied by a high relative supply and a high relative wage for skilled workers. This chapter looks at the relative wage of educated to uneducated individuals within the same generation in an overlapping generations model. Individuals live for two periods and decide whether to invest in education in the first period of their lives. As more individuals invest in education, the wage of unskilled workers increases, increasing the opportunity cost of education. At the equilibrium, to make the individuals who invest in education indifferent between education and work, the intra generational relative wage of educated individuals must increase Chapter 3 studies the local stability of the relative wage model. It shows that the unique equilibrium can be a sink, source, or saddle point. The numerical examples study the effects of an increase in the productivity of education on the entire trajectory of investment in education. Chapter 4 looks at the effects of different types of taxes in an economy in which the allocation of resources is inefficient. It shows that different types of taxes affect the long run growth rate differently. In our setting, taxing income from human capital employed in final good production allocates more human capital to R&D, and increases the growth rate of the economy. However, this is a very selective tax, and the conclusion depends on the production function. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.65)

3. Connolly, Daniel J.; UNDERSTANDING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT DECISION-MAKING IN THE CONTEXT OF HOTEL GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: A MULTIPLE-CASE STUDY: Richard G. Moore, Suzanne K. Murrmann, Robert T. Sumichrast, Eliza C. Tse, Michael D. Olsen; (in English) UNDERSTANDING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT DECISION-MAKING IN THE CONTEXT OF HOTEL GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: A MULTIPLE-CASE STUDY by <p> Daniel J. Connolly Dr. Michael D. Olsen, Chair Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management <p> ABSTRACT This study investigates what three large, multinational hospitality companies do in practice when evaluating and making IT investment decisions. This study was launched in an attempt to 1) learn more about how multinational hospitality companies evaluate, prioritize, and select IT investments in the context of hotel GDS; 2) call attention to an important and costly topic in hopes of improving current practices; and 3) fill a noticeable literary void so that future researchers on IT and hotel GDS would have a foundation and starting point. <p> The perennial question of any business is How does an organization add value? Value can be defined from many different perspectives and may result from tangible and intangible factors. Principal stakeholders include shareholders (investors), customers, and employees. Shareholders typically measure value in terms of economic return on their investment based upon some level of perceived risk. For customers, value is assessed in terms of a price-value relationship; that is, how much they received in terms of product and services for the price they paid. For employees, value is measured by salary and by the intrinsic rewards of the job. Yet, one of the most elusive questions with respect to information technology is How can value be measured? <p> Hospitality executives are being pressured daily to invest more in information technology (IT)especially in the area of hotel global distribution systems (GDS), which have become the cornerstone of a hotel firms IT infrastructure and portfolio. There are a number of sweeping changes on the horizon impacting hotel GDSs and requiring the development of a well-crafted strategy for global distribution systems. These broad changes include bypass theories to remove airline GDSs and travel agents, the introduction of new and emerging player, and innovative approaches to pricing and promotion. Many of these developments offer promise to hoteliers, but they also threaten their control over their customer relationships and their inventory and add to the complexity and cost of distribution. Selecting the appropriate distribution channels is paramount to success and important if hotel firms are to grow top-line revenue and control overhead; yet the number of choices facing hotel executives is overwhelming. They are also at a loss for measuring value derived from IT. <p> One of the greatest issues plaguing the advancement of technology in the hospitality industry is the difficulty in calculating return on investment. Until recently, most technology investment decisions have been considered using a support or utility mentality that stems from a manufacturing paradigm. Under such thinking, business cases could be built around an application or technologys ability to reduce costs or create labor savings. However, managements attitudes towards technology have been shifting in recent years. The more technologically savvy hospitality companies are looking to IT to build strategic and competitive advantages. These types of investments yield results over time, and seldom in the short-run. This is problematic among owners and investors who demand more immediate results. Moreover, it is difficult to quantify and calculate the tangible benefits of technology when it is used for strategic purposes. <p> Todays financial models are inadequate for estimating the financial benefits for most of the technology projects under consideration today. While the hospitality industry has disciplined models and sufficient history to determine the financial gains or success of opening a new property in a given city, it lacks the same rigorous models and historical data for technology, especially since each technology project is unique. Although this problem is not specific to the hospitality industry, it is particularly problematic since the industry tends to be technologically conservative and unwilling to adopt new technology applications based on the promises of its long-term merits if it cannot quantify the results and calculate a defined payback period. When uncertainty surrounds the investment, when the timing of the cash flows is unpredictable, and when the investment is perceived as risky, owners and investors will most likely channel their investment capital to projects with more certain returns and minimal risk. Thus, under this thinking, technology will always take a back seat to other organizational priorities and initiatives. Efforts must be made to change this thinking and to develop financial models that can accurately predict and capture the financial benefits derived from technology. <p> Given the present predicament and difficulties surrounding the current tools, techniques, and measures, executives are faced with an important choice. They can 1) continue to use the present methods despite their shortcomings, 2) dispense with ROI, cost-benefit, and discounted cash flow analyses altogether for IT projects, or 3) develop new methods, tools, and measures that can accommodate the complexities of IT and quantify the intangibles. This study is a call to action in favor of the latter because the measures determine not only which projects will be accepted but also how their success will be evaluated. Having a rigid evaluation process forces executives to identify a projects potential contribution and align the projects objectives with the firms strategic goals and objectives. <p> Using the co-alignment principle as its theoretical underpinning, this study employs a multiple-case design to investigate the resource allocation processes used with respect to information technology and global distribution systems. It looks at how three leading, multinational hospitality firms address IT project/investment evaluation and decision-making, the measures they use, and the frustrations they encounter. These frustrations include problems that arise from a hotel firms fragmented ownership as well as from hotel executives inability to measure the results of IT through definitive cause-and-effect relationships. The results of the study provide affirmation of the co-alignment principle and document linkages and co-alignment between strategy and IT. Clearly, decisions involving IT and hotel GDSs require multivariate measures, multidimensional perspectives, and multidisciplinary involvement. However, research from the marketing discipline is noticeably absent in this area. This study concludes that because IT plays an important enabling role for marketing initiatives and is redefining the supply chain of a hotel firm, marketing researchers can no longer stand on the sidelines. <p> This study also identifies three important constructs, or classes of variables (context, process, and project), the variables comprising each, and their influences on the evaluation and decision-making processes. These findings add to the understanding of IT evaluation, measurement, and decision-making in the context of hotel GDS. This study clarifies the intangible aspects in hopes that useful measures can be developed in subsequent research to quantify and evaluate these costs and benefits. Finally, this study provides a series of prescriptions or recommendations gleaned from the three companies that were the focus of this study in hopes that they will lead to the development of best practices in the hospitality industry. [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.50)

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22 from arXiv

1. Guzman, R., Phillips, A. C., Gallego, J., Koo, D. C., Lowenthal, J. D.; The Nature of Compact Galaxies at z=0.2-1.3: Implications for Galaxy Evolution and the Star Formation History of the Universe: We study the global scaling-laws of 51 compact field galaxies with redshifts z = 0.2-1.3 and apparent magnitudes I<23.74 in the flanking fields of the Hubble Deep Field. Roughly 60% of the 45 compact emission-line galaxies have sizes, surface brightnesses, luminosities, velocity widths, excitations, star formation rates (SFR), and mass-to-light ratios characteristic of young star-forming HII galaxies. The remaining 40% form a more heterogeneous class of evolved starbursts, similar to local disk starburst galaxies. Without additional star formation, HII-like distant compacts will most likely fade to resemble today's spheroidal galaxies such as NGC 205. Our sample implies a lower limit for the global comoving SFR density of 0.004 M/yr/Mpc^3 at z = 0.55, and 0.008 M/yr/Mpc^3 at z = 0.85. These values, when compared to a similar sample of local galaxies, support a history of the universe in which the SFR density declines by a factor 10 from z = 1 to today. From the comparison with the SFR densities derived from previous data sets, we conclude that compact emission-line galaxies, though only 20% of the general field population, may contribute as much as 45% to the global SFR of the universe at 0.4 < z < 1., Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX (needs lamuphys.sty, included), 6 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 3rd ESO-VLT Workshop on Galaxy Scaling Relations'', eds. da Costa et al., Springer. Also available at http://www.ucolick.org/~deep/papers/papers.html [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.80)

2. Kayser, Boris; Cascade Mixing and the CP-Violating Angle Beta: In the decay chain B(d) --> Psi + K --> Psi + (pi l nu), neutral K mixing follows on the heels of neutral B mixing. This "cascade mixing" leads to an interference which probes cos(2*beta), where beta is one of the three CP-violating phase angles which characterize CP violation in the Standard Model. Widely-discussed future B-system experiments will determine trigonometric functions of these three phase angles, leaving the underlying angles themselves discretely ambiguous. A determination of cos(2*beta) through cascade mixing would eliminate all the discrete ambiguities entirely., Comment: To appear in the Proceedings of the Moriond Workshop on Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories, Les Arcs, France, March 1997. 10 pages. PS file [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.77)

3. Aikawa, Y., Umebayashi, T., Nakano, T., Miyama, S. M.; Evolution of Molecular Abundance in Protoplanetary Disks: We investigate the evolution of molecular abundance in quiescent protoplanetary disks which are presumed to be around weak-line T Tauri stars. In the region of surface density less than $10^2$ g cm$^{-2}$ (distance from the star $\gtrsim 10$ AU in the minimum- mass solar nebula), cosmic rays are barely attenuated even in the midplane of the disk and produce chemically active ions such as He$^+$ and H$_{3}^+$. Through reactions with these ions CO and N$_2$ are finally transformed into CO$_2$, NH$_3$, and HCN. In the region where the temperature is low enough for these products to freeze onto grains, considerable amount of carbon and nitrogen is locked up in the ice mantle and is depleted from the gas phase in a time scale $\lesssim 3\times 10^6$ yr. Oxidized (CO$_2$) ice and reduced (NH$_3$ and hydrocarbon) ice naturally coexist in this part of the disk. The molecular abundance both in the gas phase and in ice mantle varies significantly with the distance from the central star., Comment: 7 pages latex file (using aas2pp4.sty), 3 figures (ps file), to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters [Text] [View with Perseus links] (0.66)

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