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    Contents:
  • Olympian Odes
  • Pythian Odes
  • Nemean Odes
  • Isthmian Odes
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    Pindar, Odes

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    Table of ContentsGo to Next

    Olympian Odes

    Olympian 1 For Hieron of Syracuse Single Horse Race 476 B. C.

    [1] Water is best, and gold, like a blazing fire in the night, stands out supreme of all lordly wealth. But if, my heart, you wish to sing of contests, [5] look no further for any star warmer than the sun, shining by day through the lonely sky, and let us not proclaim any contest greater than Olympia. From there glorious song enfolds the wisdom of poets,1 so that they loudly sing [10] the son of Cronus, when they arrive at the rich and blessed hearth of Hieron, [12] who wields the scepter of law in Sicily of many flocks, reaping every excellence at its peak, and is glorified [15] by the choicest music, which we men often play around his hospitable table. Come, take the Dorian lyre down from its peg, if the splendor of Pisa and of Pherenicus placed your mind under the influence of sweetest thoughts, [20] when that horse ran swiftly beside the Alpheus, not needing to be spurred on in the race, and brought victory to his master, [23] the king of Syracuse who delights in horses. His glory shines in the settlement of fine men founded by Lydian Pelops, [25] with whom the mighty holder of the earth Poseidon fell in love, when Clotho took him out of the pure cauldron, furnished with a gleaming ivory shoulder. Yes, there are many marvels, and yet I suppose the speech of mortals beyond the true account can be deceptive, stories adorned with embroidered lies; [30][30] and Grace, who fashions all gentle things for men, confers esteem and often contrives to make believable the unbelievable. But the days to come are the wisest witnesses. [35] It is seemly for a man to speak well of the gods; for the blame is less that way. Son of Tantalus, I will speak of you, contrary to earlier stories. When your father invited the gods to a very well-ordered banquet at his own dear Sipylus, in return for the meals he had enjoyed, [40] then it was that the god of the splendid trident seized you, [41] his mind overcome with desire, and carried you away on his team of golden horses to the highest home of widely-honored Zeus, to which at a later time Ganymede came also, [45] to perform the same service for Zeus. But when you disappeared, and people did not bring you back to your mother, for all their searching, right away some envious neighbor whispered that they cut you limb from limb with a knife into the water's rolling boil over the fire, [50] and among the tables at the last course they divided and ate your flesh. [52] For me it is impossible to call one of the blessed gods a glutton. I stand back from it. Often the lot of evil-speakers is profitlessness. If indeed the watchers of Olympus ever honored a mortal man, [55] that man was Tantalus. But he was not able to digest his great prosperity, and for his greed he gained overpowering ruin, which the Father hung over him: a mighty stone. Always longing to cast it away from his head, he wanders far from the joy of festivity. [59] He has this helpless life of never-ending labor, [60] a fourth toil after three others, because he stole from the gods nectar and ambrosia, with which they had made him immortal, and gave them to his drinking companions. If any man expects that what he does escapes the notice of a god, he is wrong. [65] Because of that the immortals sent the son of Tantalus back again to the swift-doomed race of men. And when he blossomed with the stature of fair youth, and down darkened his cheek, he turned his thoughts to an available marriage, [70][70] to win glorious Hippodameia from her father, the lord of Pisa. He drew near to the gray sea, alone in the darkness, and called aloud on the deep-roaring god, skilled with the trident; and the god appeared to him, close at hand. [75] Pelops said to the god, “If the loving gifts of Cyprian Aphrodite result in any gratitude, Poseidon, then restrain the bronze spear of Oenomaus, and speed me in the swiftest chariot to Elis, and bring me to victory. For he has killed thirteen [80] suitors,2 and postpones the marriage [81] of his daughter. Great danger does not take hold of a coward. Since all men are compelled to die, why should anyone sit stewing an inglorious old age in the darkness, with no share of any fine deeds? As for me, on this contest [85] I will take my stand. May you grant a welcome achievement.” So he spoke, and he did not touch on words that were unaccomplished. Honoring him, the god gave him a golden chariot, and horses with untiring wings. [88] He overcame the might of Oenomaus, and took the girl as his bride. She bore six sons, leaders of the people eager for excellence. [90] Now he has a share in splendid blood-sacrifices, resting beside the ford of the Alpheus, where he has his attendant tomb beside the altar that is thronged with many visitors. The fame of Pelops shines from afar in the races of the Olympic festivals, [95] where there are contests for swiftness of foot, and the bold heights of toiling strength. A victor throughout the rest of his life enjoys honeyed calm, [99] so far as contests can bestow it. But at any given time the glory of the present day [100] is the highest one that comes to every mortal man. I must crown that man with the horse-song in the Aeolian strain. I am convinced that there is no host in the world today who is both knowledgeable about fine things and more sovereign in power, [105] whom we shall adorn with the glorious folds of song. A god is set over your ambitions as a guardian, Hieron, and he devises with this as his concern. If he does not desert you soon, I hope that I will celebrate an even greater sweetness, [110][110] sped by a swift chariot, finding a helpful path of song when I come to the sunny hill of Cronus. For me the Muse tends her mightiest shaft of courage. Some men are great in one thing, others in another; but the peak of the farthest limit is for kings. Do not look beyond that! [115] May it be yours to walk on high throughout your life, and mine to associate with victors as long as I live, distinguished for my skill among Greeks everywhere.

    Olympian 2 For Theron of Acragas Chariot Race 476 B. C.

    [1] Songs, rulers of the lyre, what god, what hero, what man shall we celebrate? Indeed, Pisa belongs to Zeus; and Heracles established the Olympic festival, as the finest trophy of battle; [5] and Theron must be proclaimed because of his victorious four-horse chariot, Theron who is just in his regard for guests, and is the bulwark of Acragas, the strength of the city, the choicest bloom of illustrious ancestors, [8] who labored much with their spirits, and won a sacred home by the river, and were [10] the eye of Sicily; their allotted lifetime attended them, bringing wealth and grace to their inborn excellence. But you, son of Cronus and Rhea, who rule over your home on Olympus, and over the foremost of festivals, and over the ford of Alpheus, be warmed by our songs and graciously preserve their ancestral land [15][15] for their future generations. When deeds have been accomplished, whether justly or contrary to justice, not even Time the father of all things could undo the outcome. But forgetfulness may come, with favorable fortune. Under the power of noble joys, malignant pain [20] is subdued and dies, [21] whenever god-sent Fate lifts prosperity on high. This saying applies to the daughters of Cadmus on their lovely thrones: they suffered greatly, but their heavy sorrow collapsed in the presence of greater blessings. [25] Long-haired Semele, who died in the roar of the thunderbolt, lives among the Olympians; Pallas is her constant friend, and indeed so is father Zeus, and she is loved by her ivy-crowned son. [28] And they say that even in the sea, among the ocean-daughters of Nereus, immortal life [30] is granted to Ino for all time. Truly, for mortal men at least, the time when we will reach the limit of death is by no means fixed, nor when we will bring a peaceful day, the sun's child, to an end in unworried well-being. But at various times various currents, both of pleasure and of toil, come to men. [35][35] In such a way does Fate, who keeps their pleasant fortune to be handed from father to son, bring at another time some painful reversal together with god-sent prosperity, since the destined son met and killed Laius, and fulfilled the oracle of Pytho, [40] spoken long before. [41] But the sharp-eyed Erinys saw it, and destroyed his warlike sons through mutual slaughter. Yet Polyneices, when laid low, left behind him a son, Thersander, honored in youthful contests and in the battles of war, [45] a scion to defend the house of the descendants of Adrastus. And it is fitting that the son of Aenesidamus, whose roots grew from that seed, should meet with songs of praise and with the lyre. [48] For in Olympia he himself received a prize of honor; at Pytho [50] and at the Isthmus, the Graces who love them both brought garlands of flowers to his equally blessed brother for his four-horse team, victorious in the twelve courses of the race. To attempt a contest and be successful brings release from sadness. Wealth adorned with excellence brings many opportunities, rousing deep wild ambitions; [55][55] it is a brilliant star, a man's true light, at least if one has and knows the future, that the reckless souls of those who have died on earth immediately pay the penalty--and for the crimes committed in this realm of Zeus there is a judge below the earth; with hateful [60] compulsion he passes his sentence. [61] But having the sun always in equal nights and equal days, the good receive a life free from toil, not scraping with the strength of their arms the earth, nor the water of the sea, [65] for the sake of a poor sustenance. But in the presence of the honored gods, those who gladly kept their oaths enjoy a life without tears, while the others undergo a toil that is unbearable to look at. [68] Those who have persevered three times, on either side, to keep their souls free from all wrongdoing, [70] follow Zeus' road to the end, to the tower of Cronus, where ocean breezes blow around the island of the blessed, and flowers of gold are blazing, some from splendid trees on land, while water nurtures others. With these wreaths and garlands of flowers they entwine their hands [75][75] according to the righteous counsels of Rhadamanthys, whom the great father, the husband of Rhea whose throne is above all others, keeps close beside him as his partner. Peleus and Cadmus are counted among them, and Achilles who was brought there by his mother, when she had [80] persuaded the heart of Zeus with her prayers-- [81] Achilles, who laid low Hector, the irresistible, unswerving pillar of Troy, and who consigned to death Memnon the Ethiopian, son of the Dawn. I have many swift arrows in the quiver under my arm, [85] arrows that speak to the initiated. But the masses need interpreters.3 The man who knows a great deal by nature is truly skillful, while those who have only learned chatter with raucous and indiscriminate tongues in vain like crows [88] against the divine bird of Zeus. Now, bend your bow toward the mark; tell me, my mind, whom are we trying to hit [90] as we shoot arrows of fame from a gentle mind? I will aim at Acragas, and speak with true intent a word sworn by oath: no city for a hundred years has given birth to a man more beneficent in his mind or more generous with his hand [95][95] than Theron. But praise is confronted by greed, which is not accompanied by justice, but stirred up by depraved men, eager to babble and to bury the fine deeds of noble men. Since the sand of the shore is beyond all counting, [100] who could number all the joys that Theron has given others?

    1 On this line see F. J. Nisetich, "Olympian 1.8-11: An Epinician Metaphor," HSCP 79, 1975, 55-68.

    2 reading mnastêras, with the mss.

    3 On this line see W. H. Race, "The End of Olympian 2: Pindar and the Vulgus," CSCA 12, 1979, 251-67, and G. W. Most, "Pindar O. 2.83-90," CQ 36, 1986, 304-16.

    There are a total of 201 comments on and cross references to this page.

    Further comments from Basil L. Gildersleeve, Pindar: The Olympian and Pythian Odes:
    poem 1 (general note)
    poem 1, line 1 (general note)
    poem 1, line 1: ariston men hudôr
    poem 1, line 1: ho de
    poem 1, line 1: pur
    poem 1, line 10: Kronou paida
    poem 1, line 10: es aphnean . . . makairan
    poem 1, line 10: hikomenous
    poem 1, line 100: panti brotôn
    poem 1, line 100: eme de stephanôsai
    poem 1, line 105: daidalôsemen
    poem 1, line 105: humnôn ptuchais
    poem 1, line 110 (general note)
    poem 1, line 110: sun harmati thoôi
    poem 1, line 110: epikouron . . . hodon logôn
    poem 1, line 115: eiê
    poem 1, line 115: touton
    poem 1, line 115: tossade
    poem 1, line 12 (general note)
    poem 1, line 12: themisteion . . . skapton
    poem 1, line 12: hos
    poem 1, line 12: polumalôi
    poem 1, line 15: en aôtôi
    poem 1, line 20: tar' Alpheôi
    poem 1, line 20: demas
    poem 1, line 23 (general note)
    poem 1, line 23: hippocharman
    poem 1, line 23: kleos
    poem 1, line 25: tou
    poem 1, line 30 (general note)
    poem 1, line 30: Charis
    poem 1, line 30: teuchei
    poem 1, line 35: esti
    poem 1, line 35: andri
    poem 1, line 35: amphi
    poem 1, line 40: Aglaotriainan
    poem 1, line 41 (general note)
    poem 1, line 41: himerôi
    poem 1, line 41: chruseaisin an' hippois
    poem 1, line 45: Zêni
    poem 1, line 45: tôut' epi chreos
    poem 1, line 5: mêketi
    poem 1, line 5: thalpnoteron . . . phaennon
    poem 1, line 50: trapezaisi t' amphi
    poem 1, line 50: deutata
    poem 1, line 52 (general note)
    poem 1, line 52: apora
    poem 1, line 52: gastrimargon
    poem 1, line 52: aphistamai
    poem 1, line 55: ên
    poem 1, line 55: alla gar
    poem 1, line 55: katapepsai . . . korôi
    poem 1, line 59 (general note)
    poem 1, line 59: apalamon
    poem 1, line 60: meta triôn
    poem 1, line 65: proêkan
    poem 1, line 65: huion . . . Woi
    poem 1, line 70 (general note)
    poem 1, line 70: Pisata . . . patros
    poem 1, line 75: eipe
    poem 1, line 75: Philia dôra
    poem 1, line 75: es charin telletai
    poem 1, line 81 (general note)
    poem 1, line 81: thugatros
    poem 1, line 81: ho megas . . . lambanei
    poem 1, line 81: analkin ou phôta
    poem 1, line 85: hupokeisetai
    poem 1, line 85: praxin
    poem 1, line 85: didoi
    poem 1, line 88 (general note)
    poem 1, line 88: helen . . . suneunon
    poem 1, line 88: Oinomaou bian
    poem 1, line 90: haimakouriais
    poem 1, line 95: tachutas podôn . . . akmai t' ischuos
    poem 1, line 95: erizetai
    poem 1, line 99 (general note)
    poem 1, line 99: aethlôn g' heneken
    poem 1, line 99: to d' aiei . . . brotôn
    poem 1, line 99: eslon
    poem 2 (general note)
    poem 2, line 1 (general note)
    poem 2, line 1: anaxiphorminges
    poem 2, line 10: hieron
    poem 2, line 10: eschon
    poem 2, line 10: oikêma potamou
    poem 2, line 10: Sikelias . . . ophthalmos
    poem 2, line 100: tanusais audasomai
    poem 2, line 15: iantheis
    poem 2, line 20: latha
    poem 2, line 20: potmôi sun eudaimoni
    poem 2, line 20: genoit' an
    poem 2, line 21: eslôn
    poem 2, line 21: hupo charmatôn
    poem 2, line 25: Kadmoio kourais
    poem 2, line 25: epathon hai
    poem 2, line 25: penthos de pitnei
    poem 2, line 25: baru
    poem 2, line 30: pais ho kissophoros
    poem 2, line 35: oud' hêsuchimon hameran
    poem 2, line 35: paid' aeliou
    poem 2, line 40: tônde
    poem 2, line 41: epi ti . . . pêma
    poem 2, line 41: palintrapelon
    poem 2, line 45 (general note)
    poem 2, line 45: oxei Erinus
    poem 2, line 50: spermatos . . . rhizan
    poem 2, line 50: echonta
    poem 2, line 60: batheian hupechôn merimnan agroteran
    poem 2, line 61 (general note)
    poem 2, line 61: astêr arizêlos
    poem 2, line 75 (general note)
    poem 2, line 75: etolmasan
    poem 2, line 75: estris
    poem 2, line 75: hekaterôthi
    poem 2, line 8: euônumôn . . . paterôn
    poem 2, line 8: orthopolin
    poem 2, line 80: ta men chersothen . . . hudôr d' alla
    poem 2, line 85: Hpeas . . . thronon
    poem 2, line 90 (general note)
    poem 2, line 90: amachon astrabê kiona
    poem 2, line 90: Kuknon
    poem 2, line 90: thanatôi poren
    poem 2, line 95: mathontes
    poem 2, line 95: labroi

    Cross references from Aristotle, Rhetoric (ed. W. D. Ross):
    1, 7, 14

    Cross references from E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus:
    *: ho de chrusos aithomenon pur

    Cross references from Perseus Encyclopedia:
    bacchylides [Life and Career]

    Cross references from Raphael Kühner, Friedrich Blass, Ausführliche Grammatik der Griechischen Sprache (ed. Ildar Ibraguimov):
    106 [Quantität der ersten Deklination.]
    140 [III. Metaplasta.]

    Cross references from Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (ed. Ildar Ibraguimov):
    406 [Apposition.]
    416 [Fortsetzung.]

    Cross references from Sir Richard Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Antigone:
    * [1155-1352]
    * [332-375]

    Cross references from Sir Richard Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Electra:
    * [516-1057]
    * [516-1057]

    Cross references from Sir Richard Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Trachiniae:
    * [497-530]
    * [141-496]

    Cross references from W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus:
    7, 165 [BOOK VII]

    Cross references from Thomas W. Allen, E. E. Sikes, Commentary on the Homeric Hymns:
    * [HYMN TO HERMES]
    * [HYMN TO APHRODITE]
    * [SECOND CENTURY A.D.]

    Cross references from Perseus Sculpture Catalog:
    Olympia East Pediment [Olympia East Pediment]

    Cross references from W. Walter Merry, James Riddell, D. B. Monro, Commentary on the Odyssey (1886):
    11, 582 [Book 11 (l)]
    4, 563 [Book 4 (d)]
    5, 333 [Book 5 (e)]
    4, 567 [Book 4 (d)]

    Cross references from Walter Leaf, Commentary on the Iliad (1900):
    1, 81 [Book 1 (A)]: kat. megan olbon

    Cross references from Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek:
    7, 9, 166 [Interchange of instrument and agent.]: eslôn gar hupo charmatôn pêma thnaiskei

    Cross references from Basil L. Gildersleeve, Pindar: The Olympian and Pythian Odes:
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pindar's thought]
    * [Pindar's thought]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [His style]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Strophe 1]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [His style]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Epode 1]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Antistrophe 2]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pindar's thought]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Antistrophe 4]
    * [Epode 11]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Antistrophe 2]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pindar's thought]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pindar's thought]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Epode 5]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Antistrophe 2]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [His style]: anaxiphorminges humnoi
    * [Strophe 1]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Strophe 2]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Strophe 1]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]: houtô . . . Moira. . . epi ti kai pêm' agei
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Syntax]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Dialect]
    * [Olympian Odes]
    * [Strophe 1]
    * [Pythian Odes]
    * [Pythian Odes]

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    This text is based on the following book(s):
    Pindar. Odes. 1990.


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