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  • MINNESOTA HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS.
  • THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ITS SOURCE.
  • DETAILED HYDROGRAPHIC AND TOPOGRAPHIC CHART OF THE ITASCA STATE PARK AT THE SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER STATE OF MINNESOTA U. S. A. Prepared under Authority of An Act of the Legislature, Approved April 20th , 1891 By J. V. Brower, Commissioner 1892
  • SUB-DIVISION FIRST. PRELIMINARY MEMORANDUM AND COMMUNICATIONS.
  • SUB-DIVISION SECOND. THE REPORT.
  • SUBDIVISION THIRD. WHAT CONSTITUTES DISCOVERY; THE SPANISH ACCOUNTS; PINEDA; ESPIRITU SANTO BAY; NARVAEZ; CABEZA DE VACA; DE SOTO; APPORTIONMENT OF CREDIT; CARTOGRAPHICAL RESULTS OF DE SOTO'S EXPEDITION; CONCLUSIONS DRAWN; DE LUNA.
  • SUB-DIVISION FOURTH. THE FRENCH ACCOUNTS.
  • SUBDIVISION FIFTH. THE FRENCH ACCOUNT, Continued.
  • SUB-DIVISION SIXTH. EARLY TERRITORIAL CLAIMS; EXTENT OF CANADA AND LOUISIANA; TRANSFER OF LOUISIANA BY FRANCE TO SPAIN; BOUNDARY BETWEEN FRENCH AND ENGLISH POSSESSIONS; WESTERN BOUNDARY OF THE UNITED STATES; TRANSFER OF LOUISIANA BY SPAIN TO FRANCE; CESSION BY FRANCE TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; INDIAN OCCUPANCY, TRADITIONS AND WARS; CAPTAIN CARVER'S TRAVELS; THE JOURNEY OF DAVID THOMPSON.
  • SUB-DIVISION SEVENTH. THE FIRST KNOWN OF WHITE MEN AT ELK LAKE; THE NAME DEFINED; WILLIAM MORRISON; THE ONLY RECORD OF HIS VOYAGE TO ITASCA LAKE IN 1803; LOST NOTE-BOOKS.
  • SUB-DIVISION EIGHTH. LIEUTENANT Z. M. PIKE'S EXPEDITION IN 1805–6; HE REACHES THE MOUTH OF TWO RIVERS AND ERECTS BLOCK HOUSES; BUFFALO, ELK AND DEER HUNT; SLEDGE JOURNEY TO LEECH LAKE; THE BRITISH FLAG; INDIAN WARFARE; KILLED AT YORK.
  • SUB-DIVISION NINTH. THE LEWIS CASS EXPEDITION; THROUGH LAKE SUPERIOR; CAMP AT SANDY LAKE; VOYAGE DOWN THE MISSISSIPPI FROM CASS LAKE.
  • SUB-DIVISION TENTH. J. C. BELTRAMI; CIVIL, MILITARY AND JUDICIAL PURSUITS; THE COUNTESS OF ALBANY; AN EXILE; HERO WORSHIP; VOYAGE TO AMERICA; THIRST FOR GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERY; VOYAGE UP THE MINNESOTA AND DOWN THE RED RIVER; AT PEMBINA; BELTRAMI REACHES RED AND TURTLE LAKES; LOCATES THE SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI AT JULIA LAKE; DOE LAKE; SUCCORED BY CHIPPEWA INDIANS; RESEARCHES OF MR. ALFRED J. HILL; BELTRAMI COUNTY
  • SUBDIVISION ELEVENTH. HENRY ROWE SCHOOLCRAFT; HE ACCOMPANIES GEN. CASS IN 1820; PROCEEDS TO LAC LA BICHE IN 1832; SELECTS THE NAME ITASCA; DISCOVERS THE LAKE; SCHOOLCRAFT ISLAND; OZAWINDIB.
  • SUBDIVISION TWELFTH. A MILITARY ESCORT; LIEUT. JAMES ALLEN AND DETACHMENT ACCOMPANY SCHOOLCRAFT; HIS OBSERVATIONS AND REPORT.
  • SUB-DIVISION THIRTEENTH. NICOLLET'S SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATIONS; ASTRONOMICAL ABILITIES; AN EXILE FROM FRANCE; MAP OF THE SOURCES; EMPLOYED BY THE UNITED STATES; DETAILS OF HIS VOYAGE TO ITASCA LAKE; DISCOVERS FIVE CREEKS; DESCRIBES THE LARGER AS THE INFANT MISSISSIPPI; A CRADLED HERCULES; DISCOVERS THREE LAKES; CONFUSION OF LOCATION; IDEAS AS TO THE SOURCE OF A RIVER.
  • SUB-DIVISION FOURTEENTH. THE “DOLLY VARDEN” EXPEDITION TO ITASCA LAKE; JULIUS CHAMBERS VISITS ELK LAKE AND DECLARES IT THE SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI; OBSERVATIONS AND EXPLORATIONS BY A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD.
  • SUB-DIVISION FIFTEENTH. OFFICIAL ACTION BY THE AUTHORITIES OF THE LAND DEPARTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES: HOW ELK LAKE WAS FINALLY NAMED; OFFICIAL PLATS CERTIFIED AND APPROVED.
  • SUB-DIVISION SIXTEENTH. EDWIN S. HALL'S GOVERNMENT SURVEY; HIS PARTY REACH THE ITASCA BASIN; MEANDER OF ELK AND ITASCA LAKES; OFFICIAL CORNERS AND LAND MARKS.
  • SUB-DIVISION SEVENTEENTH. THE ROB ROY EXPEDITION; A. H. SIEGFRIED AND COMPANIONS REACH ITASCA LAKE; THEY VISIT ELK LAKE AND PHOTOGRAPH IT; THE PARTY DESIGNATE ELK LAKE THE HIGHEST TRIBUTARY TO THE MISSISSIPPI; WILLIAM MORRISON DESIGNATED AS THE FIRST SEEN OF WHITE MEN AT THE SOURCE.
  • SUB-DIVISION EIGHTEENTH. GEOLOGIC AND BOTANIC EXAMINATION AT ITASCA LAKE BY O. E. GARRISON; LOST AT THE LITTLE MAN TRAP; HE REACHES ELK LAKE; PORTAGE TO ITASCA; CAMP ON GARRISON POINT; ITASCA LAKE COASTED.
  • SUB-DIVISION NINETEENTH. EARLY VISITORS TO ITASCA; CHARLES LANMAN'S CLAIM; ALLAN MORRISON.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTIETH. SOJOURN OF REV. J. A. GILFILLAN'S PARTY AT ITASCA LAKE; WHIPPLE LAKE NAMED; FIRST SERMON AT THE SOURCE; AN INTERESTING EPISTLE.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-FIRST. THE GLAZIER FIASCO; AN INDIAN MAP DISTORTED; HUNGER AND HASTE; A FICTITIOUS SOURCE; PLAGIARISM PERSONIFIED; HIS CLAIMS SHOWN TO BE FOUNDED ON FALSE STATEMENTS; DISCREDITED BY GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETIES AND THE CONGRÈS INTERNATIONAL.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-SECOND. PIONEER SETTLEMENT AT ITASCA LAKE; PETER TURNBULL AND FAMILY; THE SECOND COMING OF CIVILIZED OCCUPANCY.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-THIRD. THE RELATION OF HENRY D. HARROWER, AND OF IVISON, BLAKEMAN, TAYLOR AND CO.; SURVEY OF THE BASIN BY HOPEWELL CLARKE.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-FOURTH. THE ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION FOR MINNESOTA AT ITASCA; HE DESCRIBES THE LAKE AND ITS AFFLUENTS.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-FIFTH. THE DEFINITE ACTION OF THE MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY AS TO THE SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI; REPORT BY GEN. JAMES H. BAKER ADOPTED; APPOINTMENT OF A COMMISSIONER ORDERED TO DEFINITELY SURVEY AND LOCATE THE SOURCE.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-SIXTH. THE CASUAL EXAMINATION OF J. V. BROWER AND COMPANIONS; THE GREATER MAN-TRAP BASIN; THE PARTY ARRIVE AT ITASCA LAKE AND EXPLORE THE SOURCE.
  • SUB-DIVISION TWENTY-SEVENTH. THE ITASCA STATE PARK; THIRTY-FIVE SQUARE MILES OF TERRITORY AT THE SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI FOREVER DEDICATED TO THE PUBLIC; A COMMISSION APPOINTED, AND A TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY COMPLETED; A FINAL CHART.
  • APPENDIX.
  • INDEX.

    • Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society. Volume 7

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    [page image]
    1

    MINNESOTA
    HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS.

    VOL. VII.

    2

    1 790
    3413
    Pat 6

    2 Minnesota Historical Society.
    Collections. v. 7.




    This text is based on the following book(s):
    10-20866 r97. General Collections, Library of Congress. Copyright status not determined; refer to accompanying matter.

    This volume is a collection of several different kinds of important historical documents published by the Minnesota Historical Society. It is devoted to a historical discussion by Jacob Vredenberg Brower (1844-1905) about the source and headwaters of the Mississippi River, combined with his extensive hydrographic and topographic surveys. Brower summarizes the major European and white American exploratory trips to the area. Based on a scientific survey of the Itasca Basin that he made under the authority of the Minnesota Historical Society, Brower concludes that the true source of the Mississippi is neither Itasca Lake nor Elk Lake, nor even the stream discovered by Jean N. Nicolet (1836) called "Nicolet's Infant Mississippi River," but the "Greater Ultimate Reservoir" which receives its water supply from aerial precipitation and stores it in various component lakes and springs. Some of these lakes include Hernando de Soto, the Triplets, Whipple, Morrison, and Floating Moss; the streams that proceed from them include the beginnings of the Nicolet as well as the Mississippi. From Nicolet's middle lake the main river proceeds "in an unbroken channel" to the Gulf. After lobbying successfully to have this headwater region preserved as Itasca State Park (1891), Brower served as its first commissioner. The appendix includes an historical account of how the Mississippi and the Lake of the Woods came to form part of the northwestern boundary of the United States. Its author was Albert James Hill (1823-1895), who was also instrumental in the creation of Brower's report. The volume is indexed.

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