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Jeffrey A. Rydberg-Cox, Overview of Greek Syntax
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The present tense denotes an action in the present time with continuing aspect. Specific Present: The present denotes an action in progress at the present time. Smyth 1875-1876 alêthê legô Lys. 13.72 ; I am telling the truth Gnomic Present: The present can denote a general truth. Smyth 1877 agei de pros phôs tên alêtheian chronos Men. Sent. 11 time brings the truth to light Historical Present: The present may be used in narrative to present a more vivid picture of an action. Smyth 1883-1884 ho de Themistoklês pheugei es Kerkuran . . . diakomizetai es tên êpeiron Thuc. 1.136 Themistocles fled (flees) to Corcyra . . . was (is) transported to the mainland Present Simple Conditions: The present or perfect indicative stands in the protasis of present simple conditions. The present or perfect indicative stands in the apodosis. Smyth 2298-2301 ei oun boulesthe, exestin humin hêmas labein xummachous Xen. Anab. 5.4.6 ; If you wish, you can take us as allies Present General Conditions: The subjunctive with ean stands in the protasis of present general conditions. The present indicative stands in the apodosis Smyth 2337-2339 adikounta, ên labêis, kolazeis; Xen. Cyrop. 3.1.11 ; Do you punish a wrong-doer if you catch him? This text is based on the following book(s): |