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Jeffrey A. Rydberg-Cox, Overview of Greek Syntax
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The imperfect expresses past time and continuing aspect. Specific Imperfect: The imperfect denotes an action that is continuing in a past time or is still incomplete in the present. Smyth 1889-1892 diephtheiran Athênaiôn pinte kai eikosi hoi xunepoliorkounto Thuc. 3.68 ; they put to death twenty-five of the Athenians who were besieged (i.e. from the beginning to the end of the siege) Conative Imperfect: The imperfect can denote an action that was attempted in a past time. Smyth 1895 Thêbaioi katedoulount' autous Dem. 8.74 ; the Thebans tried to enslave them Iterative Imperfect: The imperfect can denote a repeated action in past time when accompanied by an. Smyth 1893-1894 epethumei an tis eti pleiô autou akouein Xen. Cyrop. 1.4.3 ; people would (used to) desire to hear still more from him Present Contrafactual Conditions: The imperfect indicative stands in the protasis of present contrafactual conditions. The imperfect indicative with an stands in the apodosis. Smyth 2302-2312 ei gar ekêdou, hêkes an pherôn plêrê ton misthon Xen. Anab. 7.5.5 ; If you were troubled, you would have come with full pay Past Contrafactual Condition: The aorist or imperfect indicative stands in the protasis of past contrafactual conditions. The aorist or imperfect indicative with an stands in the apodosis. Smyth 2302-2312 ouk an epoiêsen Agasias tauta, ei mê egô auton ekeleusa Xen. Anab. 6.6.15 ; Agasias would not have done this, if I had not commanded him Past Simple Conditions: The imperfect, aorist, or pluperfect indicative stands in the protasis and apodosis of past simple conditions. Smyth 2298-2301 ei te ti allo . . . egeneto epikindunon tois Hellêsi, pantôn . . . meteschomen Thuc. 3.54 ; and if any other danger befell the Greeks, we took our share in all Past General Conditions: The optative with ei stands in the protasis of past general conditions. The imperfect indicative stands in the apodosis. Smyth 2340-2341 ei de tis kai anteipoi, euthus . . . etethnêkei Thuc. 8.66 ; but if any one even made an objection, he was promptly put to death This text is based on the following book(s): |