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Polygnotos and His Group
Susan Matheson, Yale University

13. Scenes of Daily Life: Women Part 3


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A man or men are occasionally present in these scenes, and the meaning of their presence is debated. Some have suggested that the presence of men in scenes of woolworking distinguishes these women as hetairai, in contrast to the respectable women in the scenes without men.[73] Such an interpretation would be hard to accept for the hydria at Harvard mentioned above, where a man joins the women in their loom-filled interior, but where there is also a baby, an unlikely witness to the negotiations between hetairai and their customers. Scenes of men pursuing women have been associated with weddings as well.[74] There are many mythological paradigms for these mortal pursuits, and pursuits by Zeus and Poseidon are among those shown by Polygnotan painters. Eos pursuing Kephalos was a favorite of this Group, as typified by the Christie Painter's bell krater in the Johns Hopkins University collection (Baltimore, Hopkins BMA 51.486; Illustration 43). [75] The abduction of Kephalos by Eos may have been a metaphor for sudden death,[76] making such vases particularly appropriate as tomb offerings.

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Illustration 43
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Illustration 44
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Illustration 45

Women bathing, as represented by an unnamed hand in the Group on a stamnos in Munich (Munich 2411; Illustration 44; drawing Illustration 45), is a far less common subject.[77] This painter is clearly comfortable with his ability to draw the nude female body, in contrast to the often abortive attempts of early red-figure vase painters, and he has made the distinctions of age relatively clear. Such scenes may record the custom of allowing women access to the public baths at certain restricted hours.


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73. E.g., Moon 1983, 209-31 (E. Keuls, "Attic Vase-Painting and the Home Textile Industry").

74. C. Sourvinou-Inwood, "Menace and Pursuit: Differentiation and the Creation of Meaning," in C. Bérard et al., eds., Images et société en grèce ancienne (Lausanne 1987) 41-58; and Sourvinou-Inwood 1987, 131-53.

75. ARV2, 1048, no. 27; CVA, Baltimore, Robinson Collection 2 (U.S.A. 6) pl. 45; E. R. Williams 1984, 7, 178-79; Beazley Addenda 2, 321; LIMC, III, 762, Eos no. 99.

76. Maas & Snyder 1989, 83.

77. On the subject, see R. Ginouvès, Balaneutiké. Recherches sur le bain dans l'antiquité grecque (Paris 1962).


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